一、SURVEY OF THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES——Ⅰ. MAJOR PROGRESS IN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF CAGS IN 1983（论文文献综述）
周琦君[1]（2021）在《晚清至民国（1840-1949）无锡科技翻译史研究》文中研究指明
Yao Wang,Chi-hui Guo,Shu-rong Zhuang,Xi-jie Chen,Li-qiong Jia,Ze-yu Chen,Zi-long Xia,Zhen Wu[2]（2021）在《Major contribution to carbon neutrality by China’s geosciences and geological technologies》文中研究表明In the context of global climate change, geosciences provide an important geological solution to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, China’s geosciences and geological technologies can play an important role in solving the problem of carbon neutrality. This paper discusses the main problems, opportunities, and challenges that can be solved by the participation of geosciences in carbon neutrality, as well as China’s response to them. The main scientific problems involved and the geological work carried out mainly fall into three categories:（1） Carbon emission reduction technology（natural gas hydrate, geothermal, hot dry rock, nuclear energy, hydropower, wind energy, solar energy, hydrogen energy）;（2） carbon sequestration technology（carbon capture and storage, underground space utilization）;（3） key minerals needed to support carbon neutralization（raw materials for energy transformation, carbon reduction technology）.Therefore, geosciences and geological technologies are needed: First, actively participate in the development of green energy such as natural gas, geothermal energy, hydropower, hot dry rock, and key energy minerals, and develop exploration and exploitation technologies such as geothermal energy and natural gas; the second is to do a good job in geological support for new energy site selection, carry out an in-depth study on geotechnical feasibility and mitigation measures, and form the basis of relevant economic decisions to reduce costs and prevent geological disasters; the third is to develop and coordinate relevant departments of geosciences, organize and carry out strategic research on natural resources, carry out theoretical system research on global climate change and other issues under the guidance of earth system science theory, and coordinate frontier scientific information and advanced technological tools of various disciplines. The goal of carbon neutrality provides new opportunities and challenges for geosciences research. In the future, it is necessary to provide theoretical and technical support from various aspects, enhance the ability of climate adaptation, and support the realization of the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.
Komikouma Apelike Wobuibe Neglo[3]（2021）在《非农活动对埃塞俄比亚农业生产率和农户收入的影响研究》文中研究表明在埃塞俄比亚,饥荒和极度贫困是由人口压力、粮食救济不足、宏观经济因素不佳、气候变化冲击、环境和自然资源恶化、农业市场和基础设施不完善、生产力低下、单一依靠低生产效率的雨养农业以及制度能力有限等一系列因素造成。非农创收可以为家庭提供就业机会和资本投入,不仅减少家庭对农业的过度依赖,还可作为家庭对冲生产和收入风险的保险机制。本研究分析了参与非农业活动的决定因素及其对农业生产率和家庭收入的影响。文章主要采用描述性统计、Heckman处理效应模型和随机前沿分析法（SFA）对3866户家庭数据进行分析,该数据由埃塞俄比亚中央统计局与世界银行联合展开三次调研而获取。其描述性统计结果表明,94.02%的家庭从事农业;约76%的以男性为户主的家庭参与了农村非农业活动,参与非农业活动的户主平均年龄为41岁。参与非农活动的家庭在农业经营上投入的劳动力（9.25小时/公顷）少于完全依赖农业生产的家庭（16.5小时/公顷）,其中参与非农业活动的平均家庭经营规模为1.79公顷。有非农收入的家庭户均牲畜数为1.82（TLU）,而未参与非农活动的家庭户均牲畜数为2.53。此外,一部分农村家庭（42%）获得了创业资金。在研究家庭参与非农活动决定因素方面,Heckman处理效应模型第一阶段结果表明,农作物减产和粮食消费的年效率低在1%的显着水平上推动家庭从事非农活动。此外,还发现低教育水平与非农就业负相关,进而导致非农活动收益低;其第二次回归结果显示,以老年人为户主的家庭往往依靠自给自足的农业从事替代性的非农业活动,其参与非农活动的可能性低。在非农业活动对农业生产率的影响方面,随机前沿分析法结果表明,劳动力在5%的显着水平上对农业生产带来负向作用,意味着家庭参与非农活动会减少务农劳动力。此外,非农活动也在5%水平上显着负向影响农民技术效率,以导致作物产量低。同时,由Heckman模型第二阶段的结果支持了非农业活动与家庭收入的不可分性假设,表明从事非农业活动对家庭收入产生直接地积极影响。非农业创收活动在农业生态区无所不在,因此,应采取包容性的农村发展政策,在认识农村经济异质性的基础上,向非农领域倾斜。
CHEN Fahu,WU Shaohong,CUI Peng,CAI Yunlong,ZHANG Yili,YIN Yunhe,LIU Guobin,OUYANG Zhu,MA Wei,YANG Linsheng,WU Duo,LEI Jiaqiang,ZHANG Guoyou,ZOU Xueyong,CHEN Xiaoqing,TAN Minghong,WANG Xunming,BAO Anming,CHENG Weixin,DANG Xiaohu,WEI Binggan,WANG Guoliang,WANG Wuyi,ZHANG Xingquan,LIU Xiaochen,LI Shengyu[4]（2021）在《Progress and prospects of applied research on physical geography and the living environment in China over the past 70 years （1949–2019）》文中研究表明Physical geography is a basic research subject of natural sciences. Its research object is the natural environment which is closely related to human living and development, and China’s natural environment is complex and diverse. According to national needs and regional development, physical geographers have achieved remarkable achievements in applied basis and applied research, which also has substantially contributed to the planning of national economic growth and social development, the protection of macro ecosystems and resources, and sustainable regional development. This study summarized the practice and application of physical geography in China over the past 70 years in the following fields: regional differences in natural environments and physical regionalization; land use and land cover changes; natural hazards and risk reduction; process and prevention of desertification; upgrading of medium-and low-yield fields in the Huang-Huai-Hai region; engineering construction in permafrost areas; geochemical element anomalies and the prevention and control of endemic diseases; positioning and observation of physical geographical elements; and identification of geospatial differentiation and geographical detectors. Furthermore, we have proposed the future direction of applied research in the field of physical geography.
DING Xiaozhong,ZHANG Kexin,GAO Linzhi,LU Songnian,PAN Guitang,XIAO Qinghui,LIU Yong,PANG Jianfeng[5]（2020）在《Research Progress and the Main Achievements of The Regional Geology of China Preface》文中指出Introduction to The Regional Geology of China In 2008, a new project concerning the recompilation of The Regional Geology of China （RGC） was assigned by the Chinese Geological Survey （CGS） and undertaken by the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences （CAGS）. Li Tingdong, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS）, is the chief leader and chief scientist of the project. The last time The Regional Geology of China was compiled was in the 1980s （Cheng, 1994）.
浦恩菱[6]（2020）在《南方英文网汉英新闻编译实习报告》文中认为笔者在南方英文网进行了为期三个月的实习（2019年7月至9月）,主要负责中文稿件、采访录音及视频的编译工作,共完成稿件64篇。本报告中,笔者将结合自身的编译实习经历,对南方英文网平台、编译人员职责、编译产出过程以及质量控制做出介绍。在生态翻译学理论框架下探讨南方英文网的汉英新闻编译,总结出编译原文本的特点,包括中国特色政治话语和新词的使用、标题中对政府官员的突出、引语、主动语态以及小标题的运用等。结合原文本特点,以具体实例分析编译过程中的适应性选择,并有针对性地从语言维、文化维及交际维提出相应的翻译技巧。具体而言,语言维的适应性选择可通过增译、省译、意译、仿译、转换等翻译技巧,解决中国特色政治话语、新词、标题、直接与间接引语以及主动句等的翻译问题。在文化维的适应性选择方面,可使用直译与意译处理文化对等和文化差异。而在交际维的适应性选择方面,可通过增译、省译和转换来分别解决信息缺失、信息冗余及信息可视化的问题。基于本次实习经历,笔者希望提高自身的翻译技能,掌握新闻编译技巧,为将来快速融入相关行业做准备。同时也希望本报告能为其他新闻编译以及相关专业者提供一些借鉴和参考。
Shahidul Islam[7]（2020）在《孟加拉国东南部地区土地利用和覆盖变化的监测和模拟》文中研究说明土地利用和土地覆盖（LULC）对于更好地了解人类与环境相互作用、增加对气候和环境系统相互影响的理解十分重要,使实现合理的环境管理措施成为可能。LULC是动态变化的,它的变化具有重要的环境和社会经济影响。气候变化及其多方面的、多尺度的影响带来了巨大的挑战。本文将多种驱动因素考虑在内,对孟加拉国东南部地区的土地利用时空格局、动态变化进行了系统的监测,对未来的情形进行了模拟。因此,该研究重点突出四个相互关联的科学问题:1)比较多种土地覆盖产品并识别不一致水平较低产品;2)评估土地利用/覆盖变化（LUCC）的当前趋势;3)外部变量对地表动态影响的地理空间关系;4)在可持续的土地管理和规划背景下,对未来土地利用进行多情景模拟和预测。高质量的土地覆盖产品对于监测和分析LUCC以及全球环境变化研究具有重要意义。因此,本研究主要利用IGBP-17、IGBP-9、IPCC-5和TC（植被、湿地和其他地类）的通用分类系统,对四种土地覆盖产品中面积和空间不一致性进行了分析,将高时间分辨率和多种方式验证的MODISLC、GlobeLand30、FROM-GLC和Landsat TM/ETM+等产品作为研究数据。根据多种数据的不一致性和多时相的土地覆盖数据集,对孟加拉国东南部地区2001年至2017年的土地覆盖产品进行系统分析。结果显示,面积和空间的不一致从高到低排序为（IGBP-17降至TC）,表明不一致不仅受到专题细节和景观复杂性的影响,而且还与地类转换的不确定性有关。总体而言,在6组两两数据比较中,FROM-GLC和GlobeLand30数据集的面积不确定性是最小,而MODISLC和Landsat（LULC分类）的比较结果显示面积的不一致度最高。基于不一致水平较低的分类系统（IGBP-9）,对研究区LUCC动态进行了总体评价。研究期内,森林覆盖、建成区和水域面积分别增加0.4%、1.32%和0.3%,耕地和湿地分别减少0.5%和0.3%。耕地、森林和人工地表的动态变化被认为是主要的土地覆盖的周期性变化。地表温度（LST）可以显着改变季节性植被物候,进而影响全球和区域能量平衡。这些是地表-大气相互作用和气候变化的最重要参数。从卫星遥感数据中反演LST的方法对地球表面的水文、生态、农业和气象过程建模非常重要。因此,本研究的后面部分利用2001年至2016年孟加拉国东南部地区季节性合成植被指数（SINDVI）和LST的相关性,对LST的地理空间模式进行了分析。用于研究该分析的数据包括中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）LST和SINDVI。从2001年至2016年,孟加拉国东南部地区基于MODIS的地表温度上升0.20C摄氏度（R2=0.030）,而SINDVI增加了0.43（R2=0.268）。除一些沿海平原和潮汐洪泛区除外,大部分研究区的年平均LSTs增加。然而,除丘陵地区外,在沿海平原和洪泛区,SINDVI增加。从地貌上看,研究区是低洼冲积洪泛区、流域湿地、潮汐洪泛区、三级丘陵、梯田和沿海平原的结合体。除农业区除外,丘陵地区大多被茂密的森林覆盖。增加LSTs个反向相关对丘陵地区和森林覆盖率地区的影响;LSTs与洪泛区相关,森林和农作物以外的树木覆盖。模拟LUCC对于分析和预测土地利用需求、指导合理的土地利用规划和管理至关重要。综合考虑区位因素、气候条件、当地居民与自然相互作用等在LUCC中的重要作用,使用CLUE-S模型,结合多种土地需求预测和土地空间分配模拟,对孟加拉国东南部的LUCC进行了调查和模拟。在LUCC产品的不一致性评价结果显示,全球土地覆盖的精细分辨率观测和监测（Finer Resolution Observation and Monitoring Global Land Cover,FROM-GLC）产品的不一致水平最低,因此将2010、2015、2017年的FROM-GLC产品作为未来LUCC监测、模拟和预测的数据源。2015和2017年的模拟图已经使用误差矩阵和卡帕系数对应年份的实际土地利用图进行了对比,确保模拟结果的总体精度符合要求。结果显示,2015年和2017年的误差矩阵和卡帕系数分别为62.38%、0.6101和71.64%、0.7106。在模型得到有效验证的前提下,假设在现有趋势、严格的森林保护和严格的耕地保护等三种发展模式下,对2017-2025年孟加拉国东南部的土地利用进行了模拟。模拟结果显示,在任何一种情形下,模拟得到的建成区面积都将扩大,而且将以其他用途的土地作为代价。预计在2017-2025年期间,建成区扩张将主导研究区的土地利用变化趋势,该扩张预计将伴着随丘陵地区的森林、以及孟加拉国东南部地区平坦地区的水域和农田的大量损失。在严格的森林保护情形或在严格的耕地保护情形下,或在两者都实施的情形下,建成区扩张的速度将可能得到控制。研究中发现,容易受土地利用变化影响的区域主要位于Brahmanbaria和Cumilla地区Meghna江洪泛的中上游、Noakhali和Feni地区潮洪区的沿海带区和Chattogram和Cox’sBazar区的沿海低平原区。因此,孟加拉国东南部丘陵区冲积平原,潮汐洪泛区和沿海平原地区的耕地空间分布以及孟加拉国南部丘陵地区的森林覆盖分布应特别受到生态保护和可持续土地管理政策的保护。综上,本研究将有助于为土地覆盖产品的生产者提供训练区域,为保护和恢复自然环境提供参考。此外,从模拟中得出的科学信息表明模型方法同样适用于制定相关的土地利用政策。
Fahu CHEN,Bojie FU,Jun XIA,Duo WU,Shaohong WU,Yili ZHANG,Hang SUN,Yu LIU,Xiaomin FANG,Boqiang QIN,Xin LI,Tingjun ZHANG,Baoyuan LIU,Zhibao DONG,Shugui HOU,Lide TIAN,Baiqing XU,Guanghui DONG,Jingyun ZHENG,Wei YANG,Xin WANG,Zaijun LI,Fei Wang,Zhenbo HU,Jie WANG,Jianbao LIU,Jianhui CHEN,Wei HUANG,Juzhi HOU,Qiufang CAI,Hao LONG,Ming JIANG,Yaxian HU,Xiaoming FENG,Xingguo MO,Xiaoyan YANG,Dongju ZHANG,Xiuhong WANG,Yunhe YIN,Xiaochen LIU[8]（2019）在《Major advances in studies of the physical geography and living environment of China during the past 70 years and future prospects》文中指出The natural environment provides material essentials for human survival and development. The characteristics,processes, regional differentiation and forcing mechanisms of the elements of the natural environment（e.g. geomorphology,climate, hydrology, soil, etc.） are the main objects of research in physical geography. China has a complex natural environment and huge regional differentiation and therefore it provides outstanding reserach opportunities in physical geography. This review summarizes the most important developments and the main contributions of research in the physical geography and human living environment in China during the past 70 years. The major topics addressed are the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the evolution of its cryosphere, the development of fluvial systems, the acidification of the vast arid region of the Asian interior, variations in the monsoon and westerly climate systems on multiple timescales, the development of lakes and wetlands, the watershed system model, soil erosion, past human-environment interactions, biogeography, and physical geographic zonality. After briefly introducing international research developments, we review the history of research in physical geography in China, focusing on the major achievements and major academic debates, and finally we summarize the status of current research and the future prospects. We propose that in the context of the national demand for the construction of an ecological civilization, we should make full use of the research findings of physical geography, and determine the patterns and mechanisms of natural environmental processes in order to continue to promote the continued contribution of physical geography to national development strategies, and to further contribute to the theory of physical geography from a global perspective.
Shi-hong Zhang,Ke-yan Xiao,Jian-ping Chen,Jie Xiang,Ning Cui,Xiao-nan Wang[9]（2019）在《Development and future prospects of quantitative mineral assessment in China》文中指出Mineral potential assessment at the Earth’s surface has been an important research for geoscientists around the world in the past five decades. The fundamental aspects of mineral assessment at different scales can be associated with the following tasks, e.g., mineral potential mapping and estimation of mineral resources. This paper summarized the history and development in terms of theories, methods technologies and software platforms for quantitative assessment of mineral resources in China, e.g. comprehensive information methodology, geological anomaly, three-component quantitative prediction method, 5 P orefinding area, integrated information assessment method, nonlinear process modeling and fractals, three dimensional mineral potential mapping, etc. At last, to discuss the future of quantitative mineral assessment in an era of big data including platform for 3 D visualization, analysis and sharing, new methods and protocols for data cleaning, information enhancement, information integration, and uncertainties and multiple explanations of multi-information.
叶莲娜（Elena Spiridonova）[10]（2019）在《俄罗斯核工业国有企业创新控制体系研究》文中研究说明《2018年世界核性能报告》称,在过去40年里,达到更高容量因素的反应堆比例一直在不断提高。例如,2017年,64%的反应堆的容量系数高于80%,而1977年这一比例为25%,2017年只有6%的反应堆的容量系数低于50%,而1977年这一比例为23%。俄罗斯在可操作反应堆总净容量的国家名单上排名第五。在作者看来,这种转变的基础,首先是通过科学管理创新概念发展的结果,重要的是采取以证据为基础等基本概念的解释:“创新”、“创新项目”“创新发展计划”、“创新投资组合”等。但是,对"关于俄罗斯联邦创新活动”的法律中的“创新"概念缺乏解释。其中一个原因是缺乏对创新活动的内容和结果进行评估的准确标准,也没有明确地了解这个或那个产品可以被带到创新中的标志。俄罗斯经济主体包括核经济领域的企业向创新发展模式转型的困难,与其说是由于缺乏创新项目,不如说是财政权力机构对创新主体的制度性支持存在诸多弱点,缺乏高度专业的照片,一种生产、科研、高中结构与科研开发、科技标志实施工作之间的脱节。研究课题是核能企业科学生产活动控制系统,促进核能企业创新项目的开发和实施,提高企业竞争力。研究目的是发展关于改进创新投资组合系统的理论规定和实际建议,以促进俄罗斯核工业经济主体的增长和发展以及世界能源市场上的竞争力。在《核部门内部》一书中,作者概括了2030年前核部门发展的战略参考点,这将有助于揭示改进创新项目控制系统的先决条件。人们认为,在激活创新项目控制系统的手段的基础上提高核部门企业的竞争能力是有效的。研究的科学新颖性在于理论规定的发展（创新管理原则）。在科学、技术、生产活动等领域的机构结构功能相结合的基础上,提高核工业企业的竞争力进行系统的协调,以提高管理创新项目和计划管理工具的有效性。在本研究中,不仅使用了常用的分析方法,还使用了一些具体的营销工具,深入分析了俄罗斯核工业的现状,准确地分析了俄罗斯国家原子能公司的全球市场地位,还使用了具体的工具,在关于俄罗斯原子能公司的创新管理过程中建立了标准体系。这类工具属于营销战略分析工具和方法,其次是战略分析的方法,包括SWOT分析、波特五力分析、战略地图、个人KPI复杂系统。信息库是由国家原子能公司‘Rosatom’的分析数据、俄罗斯联邦国家统计局、经济合作发展组织（经合组织）、国际原子能机构（原子能机构）、规范和立法文件、互联网材料组成。这项研究考虑到以下伦理因素:来自权威的许可、保密的权利以及对人权的尊重。研究人员首先向已经私有化的公司的人力资源主管寻求许可,以便为研究收集数据。在保密方面,研究人员收集的数据对第三方保密。世卫组织作者要求提供第二次调查日期的答复者也保证,将该研究提供的信息主要用于学术目的。研究人员进一步确保了所有参与者的机密性和匿名性,以及在研究中获得的信息。在本研究中结合在一起的一套创新项目和项目管理技术被称为"基于创新基础的再生产要素转化组合”。作者认为,国际管理标准创新了一种投资组合,我在为核领域的公司制定建议时这个投资组合的一般逻辑,这对作者所进行的研究有一定的兴趣。在对一个已解决问题的文献进行分析的过程中,文献作者揭示了一个需要给予特殊价值的问题——方法,对问题的陈述和方法都比较新颖,依靠的是世界上和国内实践中认可的知识和工具的广泛复杂性。同时,大多数科学家认为,为了发展,在世界实践中的引入和适应生产创造了许多制度结构,如优势中心、大规模创新中心、专门创新委员会。但是,俄罗斯联邦目前没有类似的体制结构。它调整了研究人员的思路,把国际联盟纳入俄罗斯国家公司的战略版图,并从战略地图走向创新项目控制系统的转型。在对Rosatom State Corporation创新组合控制系统的内容、组织和功能进行描述之前,作者作者建议强调一个确保成功实施的重要案例。这样的基础是基本的应用知识和实践技能的系统（管理人员的专业精神）。这些知识可以在工作过程中获得,但作者认为更有效的来源是俄罗斯的教育体系。对于国家的高等教育机构来说,每年发表不少于10篇其他研究者的参考文献的教员人数可以作为这样的标准。我们要强调的是,在计算参考人数时,不应将申请人的参考资料与经济科学的学位候选人的学位级别联系起来,因为一般来说,正式的要求会包括在内。遗憾的是,在俄罗斯,对知识増值过程的管理和知识分类还没有进行。结果,在战略的形成上出现了严重的错误,如高等教育机构中存在着不具备组织教育过程和实施科学研究所需的高度专业人才、物质资源等必要的条件。对于那些流动的公司来说,将知识转化为具体的有目的的行动是比较容易的,而这些公司的内部文化并不是建立在以企业道德准则为指导的内部竞争之上的。“这些组织倾向于衡量过去,但是控制系统和分析首先必须有助于定义——为什么在将来也会收到这样的结果。这些公司倾向于估计、退出,但不倾向于过程。俄罗斯为数不多的几家能源行业经济公司对专业知识应用于实际行政行为的结果进行了评估。典型的知识和过程控制系统集中在知识水平指标（专利数量、艺术汇编程度、从外部获得的知识）上,具有一定的群体安全性。在一般的创新组合控制系统中,由于知识管理的子系统占有重要地位,Rosatom国有企业研究人员对知识管理条件的研究结果。这项研究包括建议改进控制系统的开发研究和生产领域的俄罗斯国家核电公司Rosatom的国有企业有两个方向一一创造国际财团的核能和领导人的国际机构和收敛的元素控制系统公司的创新发展战略的指标结构。本研究为分析人员提供了广泛的指标选择,以评估经济分析方法学家提供的创新项目的实施效果。参数等指标的应用,最有可能的是,将有利的评估结果用于繁殖的一个具体因素与"产品’的应用给出了完整的创新项目工作在这个研究作者得出一个结论,有必要认识到管理创新核工业通过战略地图的生产力。在本研究中,证明了创新开发控制系统中缺乏评估元件（工具）功能结果的目标技术的弊端。估计财产的现有的传统技术是针对识别的各种指标的金融和经济活动的公司和机构在分析师之前有一个广泛的选择指标的评估结果的实施方法学家提供的创新项目的经济分析。有人在工作中提出,应用这些指标很可能有助于评估在复制一个具体因素时的使用结果,该具体因素与整个创新项目的”产品”有关。要将这些指标直接应用到项目的有效性评估中,相当困难,因为项目结束后不能给出所规划的创新产品类型,而且如果这些产品和产品被接收的话,只有专家才能对其成本进行评估,因此,本文提出的近似研究建议将有助于核工业的创新发展。本研究中提出的建议将有助于核工业的创新发展。Rosatom公司卡的目标值必须提交给俄罗斯联邦政府考虑,以评估和制定国家经济发展战略以利用创新。此外,实现本研究提出的各项措施,将促进Rosatom核能国家公司研发和生产领域的有效管理,并分别为电力行业的创新发展作出贡献。这一项研究成果的实际价值可能归结为实现了对创新投资组合管理成果的评价所制定的标准。制定的科学和有条理的建议也将在国家管理大学的教育过程组织中得到实际应用。研究材料可用于“国家经济调控”、“创新管理”、“制度经济”等学科的教学。
二、SURVEY OF THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES——Ⅰ. MAJOR PROGRESS IN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF CAGS IN 1983（论文开题报告）
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三、SURVEY OF THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES——Ⅰ. MAJOR PROGRESS IN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF CAGS IN 1983（论文提纲范文）
（3）非农活动对埃塞俄比亚农业生产率和农户收入的影响研究（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| Abstract |
| List of Abbreviation |
| Chapter 1 Research Background |
| 1.1 Introduction |
| 1.2 Problem statement |
| 1.3 Research objectives,leading questions and hypothesis |
| 1.3.1 Specific objectives |
| 1.3.2 Key research questions |
| 1.3.3 Hypothesis |
| 1.4 Rationale for the study and its relevance |
| 1.5 Research scope |
| 1.6 Outline of the thesis |
| Chapter2 Literature review:The role of agriculture and non-farm economy on food security |
| 2.1 The conceptual framework of human development and capability paradigm to food security |
| 2.2 Drivers and impacts of poverty and food insecurity in Ethiopia |
| 2.2.1 Causes and effects of poverty incidence |
| 2.2.2 Causes and effects of food insecurity |
| 2.3 Agriculture linkages with food security and poverty alleviation:the Asian Experience |
| 2.4 Agriculture linkages with rural non-farm economy and its implications on food security and poverty alleviation |
| 2.4.1 Rural non-farm activities:definition and concepts |
| 2.4.2 Classification of rural non-farm activities |
| 2.4.3.Drivers of participation in rural non-farm activities |
| 2.4.3.1. Distress push factors or defensive survival strategies |
| 2.4.3.2. Demand pull factors or growth strategy |
| 2.4.3.3 Assets ownership and participation in rural non-farm activities |
| 2.4.3.4 Structural obstacles to effective participation in non-farm activities |
| 2.4.4 Farm/non-farm linkages and its implications on food security and poverty alleviation |
| 2.5 Social protection mechanisms and enhanced entitlements to food |
| 2.6 Agricultural policies in Ethiopia |
| 2.7 Food security policies and regulations in Ethiopia |
| Chapter 3 Research methodology |
| 3.1 Methods and Materials |
| 3.1.1 Study area |
| 3.1.2 Sources and type of data set used for the empirical analysis |
| 3.1.3 Data analysis tools and econometric model specification |
| 3.2 Study variables definition and hypothesis |
| 3.2.1 Dependent variable:Participation in non-farm activities |
| 3.2.2 Independent Variables |
| Chapter4 Descriptive statistics and probit model results of determinants of participation in non-farm activities |
| 4.1 Primary occupation of sample households |
| 4.2 Type of farms of households |
| 4.3 Summary statistics of the principal explanatory variables |
| 4.4 Probit model results of determinants of participation in non-farm activities |
| Chapter5 Effect of non-farm activities on agricultural productivity |
| 5.1 OLS estimation of Cobb Douglas production function |
| 5.2 Maximum Likelihood Estimation(MLE)of production function |
| 5.3 Effect of non-farm activities on technical efficiency |
| Chapter6 Second-stage results:effect of participation in non-farm activities on household income |
| Chapter 7 Conclusion and recommendations |
| 7.1 Conclusion |
| 7.2 Policies recommendations |
| References |
| Acknowledgement |
（5）Research Progress and the Main Achievements of The Regional Geology of China Preface（论文提纲范文）
| Introduction to The Regional Geology of China |
| Research Progress of the Project |
| Main Achievements of the Project |
| Congratulations and Acknowledgements |
（6）南方英文网汉英新闻编译实习报告（论文提纲范文）
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS |
| ABSTRACT |
| 摘要 |
| 1.TASK DESCRIPTION |
| 1.1 Background of transediting internship |
| 1.1.1 Brief introduction to transediting |
| 1.1.2 Overview of Newsgd.com |
| 1.1.3 Responsibilities of a transeditor at Newsgd.com |
| 1.2 Significance of the report |
| 1.3 Outline of the report |
| 2.PROCESS DESCRIPTION |
| 2.1 Pre-transediting preparation |
| 2.1.1 Parallel texts |
| 2.1.2 Information collection |
| 2.1.3 Eco-translatology theory study |
| 2.2 Transediting process |
| 2.2.1 Routine of transediting at Newsgd.com |
| 2.2.2 Tools used in the transediting |
| 2.3 Post-transediting management |
| 2.3.1 Quality control |
| 2.3.2 Comparison and analysis |
| 2.3.3 Glossary collection |
| 3.THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF ECO-TRANSLATOLOGY |
| 3.1 Overview of eco-translatology |
| 3.2 Adaptation and selection |
| 3.3 Multi-dimensional transformations |
| 3.4 Relationship between eco-translatology and news transediting |
| 4.CASE ANALYSIS |
| 4.1 Translational eco-environment of C-E news transediting |
| 4.2 Adaptive selections in linguistic dimension |
| 4.2.1 Lexical level |
| 4.2.2 Syntactic level |
| 4.2.3 Discourse level |
| 4.3 Adaptive selections in cultural dimension |
| 4.4 Adaptive selections in communicative dimension |
| 5.CONCLUSION |
| 5.1 Summary |
| 5.2 Reflections |
| 5.2.1 On news transediting and eco-translatalogy |
| 5.2.2 On transediting job as a transeditor |
| 5.3 Limitations and suggestions |
| 5.3.1 Limitations |
| 5.3.2 Suggestions |
| REFERENCES |
| APPENDICE |
| Appendix A Glossary sheet |
| Appendix B Practice materials |
（7）孟加拉国东南部地区土地利用和覆盖变化的监测和模拟（论文提纲范文）
| Acknowledgement |
| Abstract |
| 摘要 |
| Chapter 1: Introduction |
| 1.1 Background and Significance of the Research |
| 1.1.1 Background |
| 1.1.2 Significance of the Research |
| 1.2 Literature Review |
| 1.2.1 Global Land Cover products and validations |
| 1.2.2 Inconsistency and uncertainty assessment for global land cover products |
| 1.2.3 Land Use and Land Cover Change |
| 1.2.4 Driving Forces in LUCC |
| 1.2.5 Land use changes scenario simulation and prediction modeling |
| 1.2.6 Review summary and implications |
| 1.3 Summary of Research |
| 1.4 Scientific Issues |
| 1.5 Research Objectives and Content |
| 1.5.1 Aim and Objectives |
| 1.5.2 Content of the Thesis |
| 1.6 Technical Route |
| Chapter 2: Methodologies |
| 2.1 Study area |
| 2.2 Datasets and Preprocessing |
| 2.2.1 Global land cover products |
| 2.2.2 LST and NDVI data |
| 2.2.3 Land cover and driving factor data in scenario simulation and prediction |
| 2.3 Model, Analysis, and Statistics |
| 2.3.1 Assessing inconsistency in global land cover products |
| 2.3.2 LST effects on vegetation dynamics |
| 2.3.3 Scenario simulation and prediction of spatial dynamics of land use changes |
| 2.3.4 Accuracy assessment |
| Chapter 3: Assessing Inconsistency in Global Land Cover Products and Synthesis of Studies on LandUse and Land Cover Dynamics |
| 3.1 Introduction |
| 3.2 Research design |
| 3.3 Results |
| 3.3.1 Areal inconsistency |
| 3.3.2 Spatial inconsistencies |
| 3.3.3 Land Use Classification |
| 3.3.4 Composition, Distribution and Changes of Major LULC Classes |
| 3.4 Discussion |
| 3.4.1 Pattern of inconsistencies in different land cover mapping |
| 3.4.2 Impacts of major LUCC Classes |
| 3.5 Conclusion |
| Chapter 4: Geospatial Monitoring of Land Surface Temperature Effects on Vegetation Dynamics |
| 4.1 Introduction |
| 4.2 Research Design |
| 4.3 Results |
| 4.3.1 Variation Trends of LST and SINDVI |
| 4.3.2 Interannual Variability |
| 4.3.3 Correlation with LST and SINDVI |
| 4.3.4 Correlation with LST and LUCC |
| 4.4 Discussion |
| 4.4.1 Significant Areas of Extreme Impact |
| 4.4.2 Geospatial Relation Anomalies |
| 4.4.3 Limitations and future research in LST and SINDVI relations |
| 4.5 Conclusions |
| Chapter 5: Scenario Simulation and Prediction of the Spatial Dynamics of Land Use Changesmodeling through CLUE-S |
| 5.1 Introduction |
| 5.2 Results |
| 5.2.1 Simulation Accuracy |
| 5.2.2 Prediction of land use and land cover in 2025 |
| 5.2.3 Comparison of land use changes under different development modes |
| 5.3 Discussion |
| 5.4 Conclusion |
| Chapter 6: Summary, Innovations, and Conclusion |
| 6.1 Summary and Innovations |
| 6.2 Conclusion |
| 6.3 Insufficient and Prospects |
| References |
| Publications |
（8）Major advances in studies of the physical geography and living environment of China during the past 70 years and future prospects（论文提纲范文）
| 1. Introduction |
| 2. Progress in physical geography and studies of the living environment of China |
| 2.1 Evolution of arid and desert environments |
| 2.1.1 Evolution of arid environments |
| 2.1.2 Evolution of deserts |
| 2.1.3 Aeolian geomorphology |
| 2.2 Evolution of landforms and fluvial systems in the Tibetan Plateau |
| 2.2.1 Tibetan Plateau uplift and the Cenozoic environment |
| 2.2.2 Fluvial evolution across the margin of the Tibetan Plateau |
| 2.3 The cryosphere:glaciers and permafrost |
| 2.3.1 Controversy and progress in understanding Qua-ternary glaciations |
| 2.3.2 Ice core records from the Tibetan Plateau |
| 2.3.3 Recent changes in glacier activity in the Tibetan Plateau |
| 2.3.4 Permafrost |
| 2.4 Climates and climate change in China |
| 2.4.1 Monsoon climate and its variations |
| 2.4.2 Westerlies climate and its variations |
| 2.4.3 Holocene temperature variations in China |
| 2.4.4 Tree rings and climate change in China during the last two millennia |
| 2.5 Lakes and wetlands |
| 2.5.1 Paleolimnology and the controversial“Mega-pa-leolake”period |
| 2.5.2 Lake pollution and eutrophication |
| 2.5.3 Progress in the study of China’s wetlands |
| 2.6 Watershed system modeling and soil erosion |
| 2.6.1 The watershed system model |
| 2.6.2 Soil erosion |
| 2.6.3 Hydrological processes and ecosystem services in the Loess Plateau |
| 2.6.4 Nonlinear mechanism of watershed runoff formation and transformation |
| 2.7 Past human-environment interactions |
| 2.7.1 Agriculture development in Neolithic China |
| 2.7.2 The history of peopling the Tibetan Plateau |
| 2.7.3 Transcontinental cultural exchange in prehistoric Eurasia |
| 2.8 Biogeography |
| 2.9 Physical geographic zonality |
| 3. Conclusions and prospects |
| 3.1 Progress in research on China’s physical geography and living environment towards a leading position in international research |
| 3.2 Accordance with international standards and modernization in order to further advance physical geography reseach in China |
| 3.3 Promotion of physical geography research with Chinese characteristics and leading the international research frontier under a global perspective |
（9）Development and future prospects of quantitative mineral assessment in China（论文提纲范文）
| 1. Introduction |
| 2. Development of quantitative mineral assessment |
| 2.1. The theories and methods of quantitative mineral resource assessment |
| 2.1.1. Ore-related geo-anomaly and three-component quantitative prediction |
| 2.1.2. Metallogenic prediction theory based on integrated information |
| 2.1.3. Model-based information synthesis and quantitative mineral assessment |
| 2.1.4. Nonlinear theory and method for mineral resources assessment |
| 2.2. Information integration and estimation of mineral resources |
| 2.3. GIS and 3-dimension mineral prospectivity mapping |
| 2.4. Big Data and mineral assessment |
| 3. Future prospects of mineral resources assessment |
| 4. Conclusions |
（10）俄罗斯核工业国有企业创新控制体系研究（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| Аbstract |
| List of Abbreviations and Acronyms |
| Chapter1 Introduction |
| 1.1 Research Background |
| 1.2 Literature Review |
| 1.3 Comments on Literature Review |
| 1.4 Hypothesis Development |
| 1.5 The Research Content and Methods |
| Chapter2 Theories of Innovations and Innovative Activity |
| 2.1 Categorial Assessment of Innovate Development Bases |
| 2.2 The Cooperate Innovative Development |
| 2.3 Assessment of Current Trends of Transition of Economy on the Inn ovative Way of Development |
| 2.4 Innovative Activity of Nuclear Corporations |
| 2.5 Chapter Summary |
| Chapter3 The Characteristic of the Innovative Control Systems in Russian Nuclear Industry |
| 3.1 Analysis of Domestic and Foreign Control Systems of Innovations |
| 3.2 Assessment of Legislative Bases of Functioning of Management System an Innovative Portfolio |
| 3.3 Characteristic of Functional Elements of a Control System of an Innovative Portfolio |
| 3.4 Prerequisites on the Reorganization of Innovative Portfolio Control System in Rosatom SNEC |
| 3.5 Chapter Summary |
| Chapter4:Development of an Innovative Portfolio Control System |
| 4.1 Offers for Development of Management of Innovations Tools in Rosatom SNEC |
| 4.2 Development of Criteria for Complex Assessment of Management of an Innovative Portfolio in Rosatom SNEC |
| 4.3 Chapter Summary |
| Chapter5:Recommendations for Improvement of Current Innovative Situation |
| 5.1 Discussion of Hypothesis Testing Results |
| 5.2 Practical Recommendation |
| 5.3 The Research Limitations and Outlook |
| 5.4 Chapter Summary |
| Conclusions |
| References |
| APPENDIX |
| Acknowledgements |
| Resume |
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