一、INSTITUTE OF MULTIPURPOSE UTILIZATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES——ACHIEVEMENTS OF RESEARCH（论文文献综述）
JTTE Editorial Office,Jiaqi Chen,Hancheng Dan,Yongjie Ding,Yangming Gao,Meng Guo,Shuaicheng Guo,Bingye Han,Bin Hong,Yue Hou,Chichun Hu,Jing Hu,Ju Huyan,Jiwang Jiang,Wei Jiang,Cheng Li,Pengfei Liu,Yu Liu,Zhuangzhuang Liu,Guoyang Lu,Jian Ouyang,Xin Qu,Dongya Ren,Chao Wang,Chaohui Wang,Dawei Wang,Di Wang,Hainian Wang,Haopeng Wang,Yue Xiao,Chao Xing,Huining Xu,Yu Yan,Xu Yang,Lingyun You,Zhanping You,Bin Yu,Huayang Yu,Huanan Yu,Henglong Zhang,Jizhe Zhang,Changhong Zhou,Changjun Zhou,Xingyi Zhu[1]（2021）在《New innovations in pavement materials and engineering:A review on pavement engineering research 2021》文中研究说明Sustainable and resilient pavement infrastructure is critical for current economic and environmental challenges. In the past 10 years, the pavement infrastructure strongly supports the rapid development of the global social economy. New theories, new methods,new technologies and new materials related to pavement engineering are emerging.Deterioration of pavement infrastructure is a typical multi-physics problem. Because of actual coupled behaviors of traffic and environmental conditions, predictions of pavement service life become more and more complicated and require a deep knowledge of pavement material analysis. In order to summarize the current and determine the future research of pavement engineering, Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering（English Edition） has launched a review paper on the topic of "New innovations in pavement materials and engineering: A review on pavement engineering research 2021". Based on the joint-effort of 43 scholars from 24 well-known universities in highway engineering, this review paper systematically analyzes the research status and future development direction of 5 major fields of pavement engineering in the world. The content includes asphalt binder performance and modeling, mixture performance and modeling of pavement materials,multi-scale mechanics, green and sustainable pavement, and intelligent pavement.Overall, this review paper is able to provide references and insights for researchers and engineers in the field of pavement engineering.
Rongzhi Chen,Yiwen Deng,Yanglin Ding,Jingxin Guo,Jie Qiu,Bing Wang,Changsheng Wang,Yongyao Xie,Zhihua Zhang,Jiaxin Chen,Letian Chen,Chengcai Chu,Guangcun He,Zuhua He,Xuehui Huang,Yongzhong Xing,Shuhua Yang,Daoxin Xie,Yaoguang Liu,Jiayang Li[2]（2022）在《Rice functional genomics: decades’ efforts and roads ahead》文中认为Rice（Oryza sativa L.） is one of the most important crops in the world. Since the completion of rice reference genome sequences,tremendous progress has been achieved in understanding the molecular mechanisms on various rice traits and dissecting the underlying regulatory networks. In this review, we summarize the research progress of rice biology over past decades, including omics, genome-wide association study, phytohormone action, nutrient use, biotic and abiotic responses, photoperiodic flowering,and reproductive development（fertility and sterility）. For the roads ahead, cutting-edge technologies such as new genomics methods, high-throughput phenotyping platforms, precise genome-editing tools, environmental microbiome optimization, and synthetic methods will further extend our understanding of unsolved molecular biology questions in rice, and facilitate integrations of the knowledge for agricultural applications.
李鹏,蔡美峰[3]（2021）在《深部金属矿产资源开发面临的挑战及新见解（英文）》文中认为长期持续的大规模开采使浅部金属矿产资源日益枯竭,深部开采已成为必然。介绍了当前全球金属矿产资源深部开采现状,系统梳理深部开采面临的一系列工程挑战,重点探讨在岩爆预测与防控、深井降温制冷技术、围岩支护技术、深井提升技术及一些非传统深部开采技术等关键工程技术方面取得的一些进展和未来创新重点。同时,对深部开采技术发展战略提出一些新的见解。这些前瞻性关键创新技术的集成,将形成金属矿深部开采创新技术体系的整体框架。该技术体系将有助于实现深部金属矿产资源的安全、高效、绿色开采,保障金属矿业的可持续发展。
吴昌志,贾力,雷如雄,陈博洋,丰志杰,凤永刚,智俊,白世恒[4]（2021）在《中亚造山带天河石花岗岩及相关铷矿床的主要特征与研究进展》文中提出铷是重要的"关键金属"矿产资源,是未来各国资源争夺的焦点。虽然我国铷矿资源总量丰富,但主要为低品位难以加工利用的花岗岩型铷矿床,而以铁锂云母、锂云母和铯沸石等作为矿石矿物的高品位易加工花岗伟晶岩型铷矿床非常有限。因此,富铷花岗岩及相关铷矿床的形成过程、元素分异机制以及铷在不同矿物相中的赋存状态和控制因素是铷矿床成矿机制研究和找矿工作的关键。本文在对花岗（伟晶）岩铷矿主要研究进展进行综述的基础上,简介中亚造山带东、西段典型天河石花岗岩及相关铷等稀有金属矿床的主要特征和时空分布,并对未来研究重点进行了展望。本文认为,中亚造山带是全球最重要的天河石花岗岩和相关稀有金属矿床成矿域,其西段大量发育三叠纪天河石花岗岩,而东段大量发育晚侏罗至早白垩世天河石花岗岩。两者形成时代和构造背景分别与古亚洲洋向古特提斯洋构造域,以及古亚洲洋向古太平洋构造域的巨大转折相对应,铷等稀有金属成矿潜力巨大,值得开展深入的年代学、岩石学和矿床成因研究。
杨岳清,王登红,孙艳,赵芝,刘善宝,王成辉,郭维明[5]（2021）在《矿产资源研究所“三稀”矿产研究与找矿实践70年历程——回顾与启示》文中指出稀有、稀土和稀散元素（三稀）目前已成为世界各国经济发展中的关键矿产。中华人民共和国成立以来,中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所作为中国矿床地质工作者大家庭中的成员,一直致力于三稀资源的研究和探索。一代又一代人,为国家做出了贡献。其中,对世界闻名的新疆可可托海3号脉和内蒙古白云鄂博稀有稀土矿床较早就投入了工作,他们为此付出了毕生精力;在湖南香花岭含铍条纹岩中发现了中国第一个新矿物——香花石;1970年后,在内蒙古巴尔哲、福建南平和四川大水沟稀土、稀有和分散元素等矿床发现后,也开展了深入系统的研究,特别是在中国首次发现风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿床后,对稀土元素赋存状态的确定和分布规律做出了重要贡献。进入21世纪,三稀资源被确定为关键矿产后,矿产资源研究所进一步加强了这方面的工作,不但取得了理论上的创新,而且发现了一批新的三稀矿产地,尤其是在川西甲基卡和可尔因等地投入了大量的地质、地球物理、地球化学、遥感、钻探等工作,其中钻探工作量就达11818.96 m,为把川西花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿集区建设成为国家大型锂矿基地作出了新贡献。对于卤水型锂及其他稀有金属矿产资源的调查研究和开发利用也一直是矿产资源研究所的重点,几十年来从未间断,在柴达木盆地西部、四川盆地东北部及江汉盆地等地近年来不断取得新进展。
Farrukh Faheem[6]（2021）在《Identity and Interests: Pakistan’s Foreign Policy and the Middle East,1947 to 1988》文中指出This dissertation aims to understand the identity and interest formation that accompanies Pakistan’s foreign policy collaboration with the Middle Eastern Muslim countries.The current study comprehends Islam as a strategic choice for the successive Pakistani government to build their relationship with Middle Eastern Muslim States.Since its creation,Pakistan has used Islam to fulfill its identity and interest needs while dealing with Muslim countries.This trend is more common when Pakistan deals with the Middle Eastern Muslim states.This research is significant because it will help to advance the understanding of Pakistan ‘s relationship with the Middle Eastern Muslim states.From its creation,Pakistan’s foreign policies were either influenced by personalities or circumstances,and sometimes both elements devised the foreign policy priorities of Pakistan.But during all this time Islam was identical to develop its relationship with the Middle Eastern Muslim states.By using a constructive theoretical framework,the dissertation looks at the assumption of Islam as an identity marker between Pakistan and the Middle East.Since its inception from 1947 to 1988 Muslim identity and interest were the two major objectives of Pakistan’s foreign policy that is utilized to build its relationship with the Muslim states.
Yao Wang,Chi-hui Guo,Shu-rong Zhuang,Xi-jie Chen,Li-qiong Jia,Ze-yu Chen,Zi-long Xia,Zhen Wu[7]（2021）在《Major contribution to carbon neutrality by China’s geosciences and geological technologies》文中进行了进一步梳理In the context of global climate change, geosciences provide an important geological solution to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, China’s geosciences and geological technologies can play an important role in solving the problem of carbon neutrality. This paper discusses the main problems, opportunities, and challenges that can be solved by the participation of geosciences in carbon neutrality, as well as China’s response to them. The main scientific problems involved and the geological work carried out mainly fall into three categories:（1） Carbon emission reduction technology（natural gas hydrate, geothermal, hot dry rock, nuclear energy, hydropower, wind energy, solar energy, hydrogen energy）;（2） carbon sequestration technology（carbon capture and storage, underground space utilization）;（3） key minerals needed to support carbon neutralization（raw materials for energy transformation, carbon reduction technology）.Therefore, geosciences and geological technologies are needed: First, actively participate in the development of green energy such as natural gas, geothermal energy, hydropower, hot dry rock, and key energy minerals, and develop exploration and exploitation technologies such as geothermal energy and natural gas; the second is to do a good job in geological support for new energy site selection, carry out an in-depth study on geotechnical feasibility and mitigation measures, and form the basis of relevant economic decisions to reduce costs and prevent geological disasters; the third is to develop and coordinate relevant departments of geosciences, organize and carry out strategic research on natural resources, carry out theoretical system research on global climate change and other issues under the guidance of earth system science theory, and coordinate frontier scientific information and advanced technological tools of various disciplines. The goal of carbon neutrality provides new opportunities and challenges for geosciences research. In the future, it is necessary to provide theoretical and technical support from various aspects, enhance the ability of climate adaptation, and support the realization of the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.
Noor Mohammad Sarker[8]（2021）在《后冷战时代小国在国际政治中的角色演变 ——孟加拉国和新加坡的案例研究》文中指出What explains small states’ evolving role in the post-Cold War international politics?This dissertation answers this question by analyzing the key factors behind the rising significance of small states in both regional and global institutions.It also examines the linkages among these factors and theoretically explains their contributions as well as limitations.By employing the qualitative method of social research and the case study design,the dissertation tastes the hypothesis that,the development of the practices of rules,norms and institutions in the post-Cold War international relations as well as the corresponding geostrategic as well as geoeconomic significance of Bangladesh and Singapore have been contributing to their evolving role as small states in the contemporary international politicsThe existing literature on the role of small states represent the conventional wisdom that,the transition of world politics from unipolarity to multipolarity,the spread of globalization,and the rise of transnational connectivity remain some of the major contributing forces to the progress of global and regional institutions in the post-Cold War era,which have brought qualitative developments to the contemporary world politics and granted small states to enjoy a greater foreign policy autonomy as well as to grasp larger opportunities for strengthening their national developments.While supporting this conventional wisdom,the findings of the study establish an additional argument that,significant geopolitical locations and geoeconomic characteristics often place some small states in a better position for playing an efficient role in global and regional institutions,and thereby extracting larger benefits from the evolving structure of world politics.The findings of the dissertation also point out that,small states’ activism in regional organizations somewhat provides impetus for their rising significance in global institutions.The case studies of Bangladesh and Singapore,as explanatory variables,provide the utility of the core arguments offered by the study.With numerous examples,the dissertation shows that,the post-Cold War international political structure has been favorable to Bangladesh and Singapore in employing their geopolitical and geoeconomic advantages with regard to play more efficient role in global and regional organizations.
BUTARE WYCLIFFE GEORGE[9]（2021）在《经济的国际贸易和增长：卢旺达经济，1997-2018年》文中研究表明本文的研究目标是衡量卢旺达投资政策对经济增长的影响。该研究首先简要介绍了卢旺达的经济和国内投资以及治理背景。卢旺达的经济被列为最不发达且负债累累的国家。该研究首先指出,经济增长、投资决策是多维的。其次,旅游业是卢旺达经济外汇收入的关键。此外,为了实现更高水平的经济增长,卢旺达政府出台了财政和货币政策,其中包括:开放和控制通货膨胀。在经济复苏时期,通过进出口,外国直接投资进行投资被指定为外汇的潜在途径,据信可以克服经济中与私人资本有关的限制。基于这些思考,本研究衡量了投资政策对卢旺达经济增长的影响。本研究采用1997-2018年动态面板数据。为了实现这一目标,本研究将因变量（国内生产总值增长率）以及投资政策和其他解释性变量作为卢旺达经济的影响因素进行了研究。为了解投资政策和其他解释变量对卢旺达经济增长的影响,本研究采用了最新的计量经济学技术,以经验方式检验使用卢旺达数据得出的假设。在这方面,引入了第一个协整分析以捕获变量之间的长期关系。其次,为了捕获变量之间的短期关系,开发了系统联立方程。这是因为向量自回归（VAR）将所有变量都视为内生变量。以这种方式,通过联立方程来识别内生变量和外生变量。按照这种方法,通过矢量误差校正机制（VECM）程序使用VAR,对联立方程进行了仿真。该研究还进行了事前预测,包括脉冲响应和方差分解模拟,以及事后预测,以评估研究期间。这项研究还使用VECMGranger因果关系方法检验了序列之间的因果关系,该方法用于通过F-/Wald测试模拟了解短期因果关系以及变量之间的内生性。后来,使用普通最小二乘法（OLS）估算上述系统联立方程,以衡量出口、进口、外国直接投资和其他解释变量对卢旺达经济增长的影响。实证结果表明,投资政策有助于卢旺达的经济增长。尽管如此,该系数为负。正如索洛-斯旺模型所解释的那样,这部分归因于全要素生产率（TFP）和卢旺达是最不发达国家的吸收能力。这种情况对国家来说是令人担忧的,因为对脉冲响应函数的进一步检查表明,无论短期还是长期,投资都将对经济增长产生负面影响。同时,调查结果表明旅游业是一种可以刺激该国经济增长的出口。这是因为发现旅游业在吸引外汇进入经济中起着重要作用,同时又是开放的工具。研究发现,旅游业通过溢出效应成为经济增长的重要工具,从而加速了旅游业吸引的外国投资进入该国。为此,如前所述,旅游业对卢旺达的经济起着举足轻重的作用,但与投资政策（出口,进口和外国直接投资）一样,该系数为负。但是,与投资政策不同的是,尽管在短期内冲动反应表明旅游业将对经济增长产生负面影响,但长期来看,影响却是积极的但却有所减少。因此,与该区域其他国家相比,必须建立适当的机制以使卢旺达成为一个更好的旅游目的地。对调查结果的进一步分析表明,对于全要素生产率下降,该研究首先建议对国家的货币,财政和商业政策以及进一步的人力资本发展进行回顾。这是因为当前的政策体制似乎更倾向于促进出口拉动型增长,而没有考虑说进口对国家外汇储备的负面内部影响。其次,研究建议提高国家的吸收能力,以加速商品和服务的消费,促进国际贸易和未来投资。
Ahsan Nawaz[10]（2021）在《获取真实领导力与组织学习和创新对CPEC项目管理成功的中介效应》文中提出本研究基于巴基斯坦CPEC项目,探讨组织创新与组织学习在真实领导行为之间的中介作用。中巴经济走廊（CPEC）是中国和巴基斯坦政府联合发起并管理的宏大工程,包括基础设施、电力和社会发展等多个项目。本研究以真实领导与组织创新和组织学习变量正相关为基础,旨在探讨组织创新和组织学习如何影响项目成功中的真实领导。本文采用演绎法对假设进行检验,以问卷调查为主要数据收集工具。在数据收集过程中应用了定量和定性技术。本项研究采用横截面的时间范围进行研究,具有解释性和探索性特点。从典型的定量研究框架出发,归纳分析与CPEC项目相关的文献,包括学术论文和相关文件。研究对象包括直接或间接为CPEC项目工作的跨国公司和政府有关组织机构。公司管理者、领导者和项目领导者共同构成本研究样本源,以目的取样为技术手段获取样本,所用研究工具为预先开发好的。本研究从与CPEC项目有关的私营公司或政府相关部门的高中层管理人员中,发放了总共295份调查问卷,以之为基础进行数据整理和分析。研究者采用李克特五点量度测量,被调查者可从选项1（强烈不同意）到选项5（强烈同意）中进行选择,以记录受访者对问题的同意程度。问卷最初用英语编制,然后转换成受访者的语言。研究者选取了中国石油工程建设有限责任公司的59个项目,每个项目选取5个具有权威者填写调查问卷,其中有20份是由CPEC高管填写的。在295份问卷中,有35份因不完整而被归类于废卷,260份有效问卷被进一步分析用于具体的研究中。采用SPSS和AMOS-21统计软件对包变量间的相关性进行分析。最终发现有数据表明,真实领导对组织学习和创新的有效影响是主变量。创新是创造力和学习的结晶,是组织成功的关键因素。真正的领导在于指明方向,并通过利用各种管理策略来促进创新、支持创新并变革凝聚力过程。组织学习是组织内部的行动,有意且非自主性地推动组织的积极变化。在巴基斯坦,本研究一个创新性的学术研究项目,并对世界性此类研究文献增添了新内容。
二、INSTITUTE OF MULTIPURPOSE UTILIZATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES——ACHIEVEMENTS OF RESEARCH（论文开题报告）
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三、INSTITUTE OF MULTIPURPOSE UTILIZATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES——ACHIEVEMENTS OF RESEARCH（论文提纲范文）
（1）New innovations in pavement materials and engineering:A review on pavement engineering research 2021（论文提纲范文）
| 1. Introduction |
| (1) With the society development pavement engineering facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges |
| (2) With the modern education development pavement engineering facing unprecedented accumulation of scientific manpower and literature |
| 2. Asphalt binder performance and modeling |
| 2.1. Binder damage,healing and aging behaviors |
| 2.1.1. Binder healing characterization and performance |
| 2.1.1. 1. Characterizing approaches for binder healing behavior. |
| 2.1.1. 2. Various factors influencing binder healing performance. |
| 2.1.2. Asphalt aging:mechanism,evaluation and control strategy |
| 2.1.2. 1. Phenomena and mechanisms of asphalt aging. |
| 2.1.2. 2. Simulation methods of asphalt aging. |
| 2.1.2. 3. Characterizing approaches for asphalt aging behavior. |
| 2.1.2. 4. Anti-aging additives used for controlling asphalt aging. |
| 2.1.3. Damage in the characterization of binder cracking performance |
| 2.1.3. 1. Damage characterization based on rheological properties. |
| 2.1.3. 2. Damage characterization based on fracture properties. |
| 2.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 2.2. Mechanism of asphalt modification |
| 2.2.1. Development of polymer modified asphalt |
| 2.2.1. 1. Strength formation of modified asphalt. |
| 2.2.1. 2. Modification mechanism by molecular dynamics simulation. |
| 2.2.1. 3. The relationship between microstructure and properties of asphalt. |
| 2.2.2. Application of the MD simulation |
| 2.2.2. 1. Molecular model of asphalt. |
| 2.2.2. 2. Molecular configuration of asphalt. |
| 2.2.2. 3. Self-healing behaviour. |
| 2.2.2. 4. Aging mechanism. |
| 2.2.2. 5. Adhesion mechanism. |
| 2.2.2. 6. Diffusion behaviour. |
| 2.2.3. Summary and outlook |
| 2.3. Modeling and application of crumb rubber modified asphalt |
| 2.3.1. Modeling and mechanism of rubberized asphalt |
| 2.3.1. 1. Rheology of bituminous binders. |
| 2.3.1. 2. Rheological property prediction of CRMA. |
| 2.3.2. Micromechanics-based modeling of rheological properties of CRMA |
| 2.3.2. 1. Composite system of CRMA based on homogenization theory. |
| 2.3.2. 2. Input parameters for micromechanical models of CRMA. |
| 2.3.2. 3. Analytical form of micromechanical models of CRMA. |
| 2.3.2. 4. Future recommendations for improving micro-mechanical prediction performance. |
| 2.3.3. Design and performance of rubberized asphalt |
| 2.3.3. 1. The interaction between rubber and asphalt fractions. |
| 2.3.3. 2. Engineering performance of rubberized asphalt. |
| 2.3.3. 3. Mixture design. |
| 2.3.3. 4. Warm mix rubberized asphalt. |
| 2.3.3. 5. Reclaiming potential of rubberized asphalt pavement. |
| 2.3.4. Economic and Environmental Effects |
| 2.3.5. Summary and outlook |
| 3. Mixture performance and modeling of pavement materials |
| 3.1. The low temperature performance and freeze-thaw damage of asphalt mixture |
| 3.1.1. Low temperature performance of asphalt mixture |
| 3.1.1. 1. Low temperature cracking mechanisms. |
| 3.1.1. 2. Experimental methods to evaluate the low temperature performance of asphalt binders. |
| 3.1.1. 3. Experimental methods to evaluate the low temperature performance of asphalt mixtures. |
| 3.1.1. 4. Low temperature behavior of asphalt materials. |
| 3.1.1.5.Effect factors of low temperature performance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.1. 6. Improvement of low temperature performance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.2. Freeze-thaw damage of asphalt mixtures |
| 3.1.2. 1. F-T damage mechanisms. |
| 3.1.2. 2. Evaluation method of F-T damage. |
| 3.1.2. 3. F-T damage behavior of asphalt mixture. |
| (1) Evolution of F-T damage of asphalt mixture |
| (2) F-T damage evolution model of asphalt mixture |
| (3) Distribution and development of asphalt mixture F-T damage |
| 3.1.2. 4. Effect factors of freeze thaw performance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.2. 5. Improvement of freeze thaw resistance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.3. Summary and outlook |
| 3.2. Long-life rigid pavement and concrete durability |
| 3.2.1. Long-life cement concrete pavement |
| 3.2.1. 1. Continuous reinforced concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.1. 2. Fiber reinforced concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.1. 3. Two-lift concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.2. Design,construction and performance of CRCP |
| 3.2.2. 1. CRCP distress and its mechanism. |
| 3.2.2. 2. The importance of crack pattern on CRCP performance. |
| 3.2.2. 3. Corrosion of longitudinal steel. |
| 3.2.2. 4. AC+CRCP composite pavement. |
| 3.2.2. 5. CRCP maintenance and rehabilitation. |
| 3.2.3. Durability of the cementitious materials in concrete pavement |
| 3.2.3. 1. Deterioration mechanism of sulfate attack and its in-fluence on concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.3. 2. Development of alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.3. 3. Influence of freeze-thaw cycles on concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| 3.3. Novel polymer pavement materials |
| 3.3.1. Designable PU material |
| 3.3.1. 1. PU binder. |
| 3.3.1.2.PU mixture. |
| 3.3.1. 3. Material genome design. |
| 3.3.2. Novel polymer bridge deck pavement material |
| 3.3.2. 1. Requirements for the bridge deck pavement material. |
| 3.3.2.2.Polyurethane bridge deck pavement material(PUBDPM). |
| 3.3.3. PU permeable pavement |
| 3.3.3. 1. Permeable pavement. |
| 3.3.3. 2. PU porous pavement materials. |
| 3.3.3. 3. Hydraulic properties of PU permeable pavement materials. |
| 3.3.3. 4. Mechanical properties of PU permeable pavement ma-terials. |
| 3.3.3. 5. Environmental advantages of PU permeable pavement materials. |
| 3.3.4. Polyurethane-based asphalt modifier |
| 3.3.4. 1. Chemical and genetic characteristics of bitumen and polyurethane-based modifier. |
| 3.3.4. 2. The performance and modification mechanism of polyurethane modified bitumen. |
| 3.3.4. 3. The performance of polyurethane modified asphalt mixture. |
| 3.3.4. 4. Environmental and economic assessment of poly-urethane modified asphalt. |
| 3.3.5. Summary and outlook |
| 3.4. Reinforcement materials for road base/subrgrade |
| 3.4.1. Flowable solidified fill |
| 3.4.1. 1. Material composition design. |
| 3.4.1. 2. Performance control. |
| 3.4.1. 3. Curing mechanism. |
| 3.4.1. 4. Construction applications. |
| 3.4.1.5.Environmental impact assessment. |
| 3.4.1. 6. Development prospects and challenges. |
| 3.4.2. Stabilization materials for problematic soil subgrades |
| 3.4.2.1.Stabilization materials for loess. |
| 3.4.2. 2. Stabilization materials for expansive soil. |
| 3.4.2. 3. Stabilization materials for saline soils. |
| 3.4.2. 4. Stabilization materials for soft soils. |
| 3.4.3. Geogrids in base course reinforcement |
| 3.4.3. 1. Assessment methods for evaluating geogrid reinforce-ment in flexible pavements. |
| (1) Reinforced granular material |
| (2) Reinforced granular base course |
| 3.4.3. 2. Summary. |
| 3.4.4. Summary and outlook |
| 4. Multi-scale mechanics |
| 4.1. Interface |
| 4.1.1. Multi-scale evaluation method of interfacial interaction between asphalt binder and mineral aggregate |
| 4.1.1. 1. Molecular dynamics simulation of asphalt adsorption behavior on mineral aggregate surface. |
| 4.1.1. 2. Experimental study on absorption behavior of asphalt on aggregate surface. |
| 4.1.1. 3. Research on evaluation method of interaction between asphalt and mineral powder. |
| (1) Rheological mechanical method |
| (2) Microscopic test |
| 4.1.1. 4. Study on evaluation method of interaction between asphalt and aggregate. |
| 4.1.2. Multi-scale numerical simulation method considering interface effect |
| 4.1.2. 1. Multi-scale effect of interface. |
| 4.1.2. 2. Study on performance of asphalt mixture based on micro nano scale testing technology. |
| 4.1.2. 3. Study on the interface between asphalt and aggregate based on molecular dynamics. |
| 4.1.2. 4. Study on performance of asphalt mixture based on meso-mechanics. |
| 4.1.2. 5. Mesoscopic numerical simulation test of asphalt mixture. |
| 4.1.3. Multi-scale investigation on interface deterioration |
| 4.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 4.2. Multi-scales and numerical methods in pavement engineering |
| 4.2.1. Asphalt pavement multi-scale system |
| 4.2.1. 1. Multi-scale definitions from literatures. |
| 4.2.1. 2. A newly-proposed Asphalt Pavement Multi-scale System. |
| (1) Structure-scale |
| (2) Mixture-scale |
| (3) Material-scale |
| 4.2.1. 3. Research Ideas in the newly-proposed multi-scale sys- |
| 4.2.2. Multi-scale modeling methods |
| 4.2.2. 1. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations. |
| 4.2.2. 2. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. |
| 4.2.2. 3. Composite micromechanics methods. |
| 4.2.2. 4. Finite element method (FEM) simulations. |
| 4.2.2. 5. Discrete element method (DEM) simulations. |
| 4.2.3. Cross-scale modeling methods |
| 4.2.3. 1. Mechanism of cross-scale calculation. |
| 4.2.3. 2. Multi-scale FEM method. |
| 4.2.3. 3. FEM-DEM coupling method. |
| 4.2.3. 4. NMM family methods. |
| 4.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| 4.3. Pavement mechanics and analysis |
| 4.3.1. Constructive methods to pavement response analysis |
| 4.3.1. 1. Viscoelastic constructive models. |
| 4.3.1. 2. Anisotropy and its characterization. |
| 4.3.1. 3. Mathematical methods to asphalt pavement response. |
| 4.3.2. Finite element modeling for analyses of pavement mechanics |
| 4.3.2. 1. Geometrical dimension of the FE models. |
| 4.3.2. 2. Constitutive models of pavement materials. |
| 4.3.2. 3. Variability of material property along with different directions. |
| 4.3.2. 4. Loading patterns of FE models. |
| 4.3.2. 5. Interaction between adjacent pavement layers. |
| 4.3.3. Pavement mechanics test and parameter inversion |
| 4.3.3. 1. Nondestructive pavement modulus test. |
| 4.3.3. 2. Pavement structural parameters inversion method. |
| 4.3.4. Summary and outlook |
| 5. Green and sustainable pavement |
| 5.1. Functional pavement |
| 5.1.1. Energy harvesting function |
| 5.1.1. 1. Piezoelectric pavement. |
| 5.1.1. 2. Thermoelectric pavement. |
| 5.1.1. 3. Solar pavement. |
| 5.1.2. Pavement sensing function |
| 5.1.2. 1. Contact sensing device. |
| 5.1.2.2.Lidar based sensing technology. |
| 5.1.2. 3. Perception technology based on image/video stream. |
| 5.1.2. 4. Temperature sensing. |
| 5.1.2. 5. Traffic detection based on ontology perception. |
| 5.1.2. 6. Structural health monitoring based on ontology perception. |
| 5.1.3. Road adaptation and adjustment function |
| 5.1.3. 1. Radiation reflective pavement.Urban heat island effect refers to an increased temperature in urban areas compared to its surrounding rural areas (Fig.68). |
| 5.1.3. 2. Catalytical degradation of vehicle exhaust gases on pavement surface. |
| 5.1.3. 3. Self-healing pavement. |
| 5.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 5.2. Renewable and sustainable pavement materials |
| 5.2.1. Reclaimed asphalt pavement |
| 5.2.1. 1. Hot recycled mixture technology. |
| 5.2.1. 2. Warm recycled mix asphalt technology. |
| 5.2.1. 3. Cold recycled mixture technology. |
| (1) Strength and performance of cold recycled mixture with asphalt emulsion |
| (2) Variability analysis of asphalt emulsion |
| (3) Future prospect of cold recycled mixture with asphalt emulsion |
| 5.2.2. Solid waste recycling in pavement |
| 5.2.2. 1. Construction and demolition waste. |
| (1) Recycled concrete aggregate |
| (2) Recycled mineral filler |
| 5.2.2. 2. Steel slag. |
| 5.2.2. 3. Waste tire rubber. |
| 5.2.3. Environment impact of pavement material |
| 5.2.3. 1. GHG emission and energy consumption of pavement material. |
| (1) Estimation of GHG emission and energy consumption |
| (2) Challenge and prospect of environment burden estimation |
| 5.2.3. 2. VOC emission of pavement material. |
| (1) Characterization and sources of VOC emission |
| (2) Health injury of VOC emission |
| (3) Inhibition of VOC emission |
| (4) Prospect of VOC emission study |
| 5.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| 6. Intelligent pavement |
| 6.1. Automated pavement defect detection using deep learning |
| 6.1.1. Automated data collection method |
| 6.1.1. 1. Digital camera. |
| 6.1.1.2.3D laser camera. |
| 6.1.1. 3. Structure from motion. |
| 6.1.2. Automated road surface distress detection |
| 6.1.2. 1. Image processing-based method. |
| 6.1.2. 2. Machine learning and deep learning-based methods. |
| 6.1.3. Pavement internal defect detection |
| 6.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 6.2. Intelligent pavement construction and maintenance |
| 6.2.1. Intelligent pavement construction management |
| 6.2.1. 1. Standardized integration of BIM information resources. |
| 6.2.1. 2. Construction field capturing technologies. |
| 6.2.1. 3. Multi-source spatial data fusion. |
| 6.2.1. 4. Research on schedule management based on BIM. |
| 6.2.1. 5. Application of BIM information management system. |
| 6.2.2. Intelligent compaction technology for asphalt pavement |
| 6.2.2. 1. Weakened IntelliSense of ICT. |
| 6.2.2. 2. Poor adaptability of asphalt pavement compaction index. |
| (1) The construction process of asphalt pavement is affected by many complex factors |
| (2) Difficulty in model calculation caused by jumping vibration of vibrating drum |
| (3) There are challenges to the numerical stability and computational efficiency of the theoretical model |
| 6.2.2. 3. Insufficient research on asphalt mixture in vibratory rolling. |
| 6.2.3. Intelligent pavement maintenance decision-making |
| 6.2.3. 1. Basic functional framework. |
| 6.2.3. 2. Expert experience-based methods. |
| 6.2.3. 3. Priority-based methods. |
| 6.2.3. 4. Mathematical programming-based methods. |
| 6.2.3. 5. New-gen machine learning-based methods. |
| 6.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| (1) Pavement construction management |
| (2) Pavement compaction technology |
| (3) Pavement maintenance decision-making |
| 7. Conclusions |
| Conflict of interest |
（2）Rice functional genomics: decades’ efforts and roads ahead（论文提纲范文）
| Introduction |
| Omics and genome-wide association studies |
| Rice epigenomics |
| Genome-wide association studies |
| Phytohormone and growth |
| Biological functions of phytohormones in rice |
| Biosynthesis and metabolism of phytohormones |
| Distribution and transport of phytohormones |
| Perception and signal transduction of phytohormones |
| Deciphering nutrient use efficiency |
| Further steps after transporting |
| Interplay between N and plant hormones |
| Balance between heading date and NUE |
| Perspectives in rice NUE |
| Perception and responses to abiotic stress |
| Abiotic stress-sensing mechanisms |
| Abiotic stress response mechanisms |
| Drought stress |
| Ionic stress |
| Cold stress |
| Heat stress |
| Defense activation and signaling in rice biotic interactions |
| PTI signaling in rice |
| Molecular understanding of rice-insect interactions |
| Rice insect effectors |
| Photoperiodic flowering |
| A glimpse into the regulatory network of rice heading |
| Photoperiodic flowering in rice |
| Complicated interactions among the core flowering regulatory genes |
| Hd1,Ghd7,Os PRR37,and DTH8 forming different CCT/NF-Y complexes |
| The Ghd7 gate opening in LD by light quality and daylength |
| Effects of photoreceptor genes on heading |
| Effects of circadian clock genes on heading |
| Evolution and application of rice photoperiodic flowering |
| Fertility and sterility control |
| CMS and fertility restoration in three-line hybrid rice |
| Cytoplasmic male sterility systems used in hybrid rice breeding |
| The premature tapetal PCD in CMS-WA |
| CMS protein cytotoxicity in CMS-BT |
| Mitochondrial energy deficiency in CMS-HL |
| Fertility restoration for CMS |
| Environment-sensitive genic male sterility and fertility conversion in two-line hybrid rice |
| Non-coding RNA-mediated P/TGMS |
| Protein-controlled P/TGMS |
| Reproductive barrier in inter-(sub)specific hybrids |
| Molecular genetic mechanisms of HS |
| Approaches for overcoming of HS in rice breeding |
| Perspective |
| SUPPORTING INFORMATION |
（4）中亚造山带天河石花岗岩及相关铷矿床的主要特征与研究进展（论文提纲范文）
| 1 花岗(伟晶)岩型铷矿床的主要研究进展 |
| 1.1 花岗(伟晶)岩中Rb的赋存状态 |
| 1.2 花岗岩型铷矿床的岩相分带与元素分异机制 |
| 1.3 富铷花岗伟晶岩的成因类型 |
| 2 中亚造山带天河石花岗岩与相关稀有金属矿床 |
| 2.1 中亚造山带西段典型天河石花岗(伟晶)岩及相关稀有金属矿床 |
| 2.1.1 南乌拉尔Il'menskie天河石伟晶岩型铷矿 |
| 2.1.2 中天山东段国宝山天河石花岗岩型铷矿床 |
| 2.1.3 中天山东段白石头泉天河石花岗岩型铷矿床 |
| 2.2 中亚造山带东段典型天河石花岗岩及相关稀有金属矿床 |
| 2.2.1 外贝加尔Orlovka天河石花岗岩型Ta-Li-Rb矿床 |
| 2.2.2 大兴安岭南段石灰窑天河石花岗岩型Rb-Nb-Ta矿床 |
| 2.2.3 大兴安岭南段维拉斯托Sn-Li-Rb多金属矿床 |
| 3 中亚造山带天河石花岗岩时空分布与构造背景 |
| 3.1 中亚造山带构造格架和演化 |
| 3.2 中亚造山带西段天河石花岗岩的构造背景 |
| 3.3 中亚造山带东段天河石花岗岩的构造背景 |
| 4 天河石花岗岩型铷矿的研究展望 |
| 4.1 成岩成矿时代的精确限定 |
| 4.2 岩浆演化与流体分异过程 |
| 4.3 富矿体的形成过程与找矿方向 |
| 5 结语 |
（5）矿产资源研究所“三稀”矿产研究与找矿实践70年历程——回顾与启示（论文提纲范文）
| 1“三稀”研究起步阶段 |
| 1.1 典型矿床 |
| (1）新疆可可托海稀有金属矿床 |
| (2）内蒙古白云鄂博铌-铁-稀土矿床 |
| 1.2 香花石和含铍条纹岩的发现 |
| 1.3 其他地区的稀有、稀土和稀散元素工作 |
| (1）广东首次发现花岗岩型稀有元素矿床 |
| (2）江西发现多种稀有金属矿化花岗岩 |
| 2“三稀”研究全面发展阶段 |
| 2.1 稀有金属矿产领域的重大进展 |
| 2.1.1 对新疆3号脉及阿勒泰稀有金属成矿带有了全新的认识 |
| 2.1.2 对福建南平富钽矿床的深入研究，显着提升了花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属成矿理论水平 |
| 2.1.3 对香花岭含铍条纹岩的成岩成矿机制有了更清晰的认识，发现了特殊的431脉 |
| 2.1.4 青藏高原盐湖中锂，铯等稀有金属的探寻获得重大进展 |
| 2.2 稀土矿产领域的突破性进展 |
| 2.2.1 对白云鄂博矿床的成因，首次提出与碳酸岩有成因联系的观点 |
| 2.2.2 对内蒙古巴尔哲碱性花岗岩型Y-Be-Nb-Zr矿 |
| 2.2.3 确定了川西牦牛坪等稀土矿床和在成因上有联系的碱性岩-碳酸岩是喜马拉雅期产物 |
| 2.2.4 江西足洞离子吸附型稀土矿床的发现及其成矿机理的揭示，使稀土资源得到广泛应用，极大的提高了中国在国际市场上的地位 |
| 2.3 首次发现具工业意义的独立稀散元素矿床 |
| 2.4 从矿床成矿系列角度深化“三稀”成矿规律认识 |
| 3 21世纪新阶段 |
| 3.1 地质找矿成果显着 |
| 3.2 重点矿床的研究水平又上新台阶 |
| 3.2.1 对川西甲基卡、可尔因伟晶岩矿田成矿作用有新认识 |
| 3.2.2 在幕阜山伟晶岩矿田，稀有金属找矿取得重大突破，成矿作用认识也上一新台阶 |
| 3.2.3 风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿床成矿理论研究更上一层楼 |
| 3.3 发现了新类型矿床 |
| 3.4 深化总结了中国稀有、稀土矿床的成矿特征和成矿规律 |
| 3.4.1 稀有金属矿床 |
| (1）锂矿 |
| (2）铍矿 |
| (3）铷铯资源 |
| (4）铌钽矿 |
| (5）锆（铪）矿 |
| 3.4.2 稀土金属矿床 |
| 3.4.3 稀散金属矿床 |
| 4结语 |
| (1）稀土矿产 |
| (2）稀有矿产 |
| (3）稀散矿产 |
（6）Identity and Interests: Pakistan’s Foreign Policy and the Middle East,1947 to 1988（论文提纲范文）
| Abstract |
| Glossary |
| 附件 |
| Chapter 1 |
| 1 Introduction |
| 2 Significance of the Study |
| 3 Research Questions |
| 4 Underlying Assumptions of the study |
| 5 Research Design |
| 6 Theoretical Framework |
| 7 The Constructivist Theory |
| 8 Methodology |
| Chapter 2 Literature Review |
| 1: Primary Data |
| 2 Ph.D. Dissertation |
| 3 Books Written by Diplomats |
| 4 Pakistani's Academic work |
| 5 Foreign Academia work |
| 6 Biography |
| Chapter 3 Identity and Interests: History of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy and the Middle Eastern The Muslim States, 1947 to 1956 |
| 1. Introduction |
| 2 Search for Identity |
| 3 Securing the interests |
| 4 Pakistan's overtures towards the Middle East |
| 5.Divergence of Interests between Pakistan and the Middle Eastern Muslim States |
| Chapter 4 Pan-Islamism1964 to 1971No Title Page1 Road to RCD |
| Road to RCD |
| Identity and Interests |
| Iran and Turkey’s lukewarm attitude |
| West's reaction to the idea of RCD |
| Consensuses among the Partners |
| Achievements of RCD |
| Failures of RCD |
| Problems between the Partners |
| Chapter 5 Reinventing Identity and Interests: Pakistan and the Middle East, 1971 to 1979 |
| The debacle of East Pakistan and the revamping of Pakistan’s foreign policy |
| More Catholic than the Pope |
| Bhutto's journey of the renaissance |
| 2~(nd) OIC Summit, time to relive the dreams |
| Pak-Afghan political rivalry |
| The Middle East oil's jackpot |
| Economic imbalance versus Strategic imbalance |
| Chapter 6 Religious Nationalization of Identity: Pakistan and the Middle East 1979-1988 |
| 1. Introduction |
| 2 Identity Question |
| 3 Zia's Islamisation agenda |
| 4 Regional upheavals, Pakistan on crossroads |
| 5 Pakistan between Iran and Saudi Arabia rivalry |
| 6 Shi'a, Sunni cleavage |
| 7 Sectarianism |
| 8 Refugee Problem |
| Chapter 7 Conclusion |
| Bibliography |
（8）后冷战时代小国在国际政治中的角色演变 ——孟加拉国和新加坡的案例研究（论文提纲范文）
| Abstract |
| Acknowledgements |
| Abbreviations and Acronyms |
| Chapter 1:Introduction |
| 1.1.Background |
| 1.2.Literature Review |
| 1.2.1.Small States in the Post-Cold War International Politics |
| 1.2.2.Global Institutions and Small States |
| 1.2.3.Regional Organizations and Small States |
| 1.2.4.Bangladesh as a Small State: Status and Contributions |
| 1.2.5.Singapore as a Small State:Status and Contributions |
| 1.3.Gaps in the Existing Literatures |
| 1.4.Research Questions |
| 1.4.1.Central Research Question |
| 1.4.2.Secondary Research Questions |
| 1.5.Statement of Hypothesis |
| 1.6.Variables of the Study |
| 1.7.Relationship among the Variables |
| 1.8.Research Objectives |
| 1.9.Research Design |
| 1.9.1.Methodology of the Study |
| 1.9.2.Data Collection Techniques |
| 1.9.3.Approach of Data Analysis and Presentation |
| 1.10.Limitations of the Study |
| 1.11.Organization of the Dissertation |
| Chapter 2:Conceptual and Theoretical Frameworks |
| 2.1.Conceptual Tools |
| 2.1.1.Small State |
| 2.1.2.International Institution: Global and Regional |
| 2.1.3.Region, Regionalism and Regional Organization |
| 2.1.4.Geopolitics |
| 2.1.5.Geoeconomics |
| 2.2. Theoretical Frameworks |
| 2.2.1.Neo-realism |
| 2.2.2.Neoliberal Institutionalism |
| Chapter 3:Historical Account of International Politics and the Role of Small States: From the Cold War to the Post-Cold War Developments |
| 3.1.Expansion of Global Institutions |
| 3.2.Progress of Regional Organizations |
| 3.3.Evolving Role of Small States |
| Chapter 4:Significance of Geopolitical and Geoeconomic attributes of Small States in the Light of the Post-Cold War Developments of International Politics |
| 4.1.Significance of Geopolitical and Geoeconomic Factors for Small States |
| 4.2.Bangladesh as a Small State and its Foreign Policy Principles |
| 4.3.Geopolitical and Geoeconomic Significance of Bangladesh |
| 4.3.1.Geographical Characteristics of Bangladesh |
| 4.3.2.Geopolitical Significance of Bangladesh |
| 4.3.3.Geoeconomic Significance of Bangladesh |
| 4.4.Inputs of Bangladesh' Geopolitical and Geoeconomic Attributes to its Foreign Policy |
| 4.5.Singapore as a Small State and its Foreign Policy Principles |
| 4.6.Geopolitical and Geoeconomic Significance of Singapore |
| 4.6.1.Geographical Characteristics of Singapore |
| 4.6.2.Geopolitical Significance of Singapore |
| 4.6.3.Geoeconomic Significance of Singapore |
| 4.7.Inputs of Singapore's Geopolitical and Geoeconomic Attributes to its Foreign Policy |
| Chapter 5:Significance of Global Institutions for Small States in the Post-Cold War Era |
| 5.1.Significance of Global Institutions for Small States |
| 5.2.The Case Study of Bangladesh |
| 5.3.The Case Study of Singapore |
| Chapter 6:Significance of Regional Organizations for Small States in the Post-Cold War Era |
| 6.1.Significance of Regional Organizations for Small States |
| 6.2.Bangladesh in SAARC: A Small State's Imperative |
| 6.3.Singapore in ASEAN: A Small State's Champion |
| Chapter 7:Major Findings of the Study |
| Chapter 8:Conclusion and Implications of the Study |
| APPENDIX1 AREA,POPULATION,GDP AND MILITARY EXPENDITURE BY COUNTRY IM SOUTH ASIA |
| APPENDIX2 AREA,POPULATION,GDP AND MILITARY EXPENDITURE BY COUNTRY IN SOUTHEAST ASIA |
| APPENDIX3 REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS(1945-2010) |
| References |
| 学位论文评阅及答辩情况表 |
（9）经济的国际贸易和增长：卢旺达经济，1997-2018年（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| ABSTRACT |
| CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY |
| 1.1 Introduction |
| 1.2 Background of the study |
| 1.3 Statement of the Problem |
| 1.4 Purpose of the study |
| 1.5 Specific Objectives |
| 1.6 Research Hypothesis Development |
| 1.7 The study scope |
| 1.8 The significance of the Study |
| 1.9 Research methodology |
| 1.10 Thesis Structure |
| CHAPTER TWO: OVERVIEW OF RWANDA'S POLITICAL,GOVERNMENTAL AND ECONOMIC HISTORY |
| 2.1 Introduction |
| 2.2 Summary of Rwandan Economy |
| 2.2.1 Political Context |
| 2.2.2 Social Context |
| 2.2.3 Economic Overview |
| 2.2.4 Development Context |
| 2.3 State of the Rwandan Economy |
| 2.4 Governance: A Foundational Priority |
| 2.5 Rwandan Key Economic Reforms |
| 2.5.1 Rwanda's Economic Policy Reforms, 1960-2008 |
| 2.5.2 Macro-economic Indicators |
| 2.5.3 Inflation Control and Economic Reforms in Rwanda |
| 2.5.4 Impact of Inflation on Economic Growth in Rwanda |
| 2.6 Causes of Inflation in Rwanda |
| 2.6.1 Food and Transport Costs |
| 2.6.2 Rwanda’s Fiscal Deficit and Monetary Factors |
| 2.6.3 Aggregate Demand and Cost Factors |
| 2.6.4 External Factors |
| 2.7 Assessing the relevance of Openness in Rwanda's Economy |
| 2.7.1 Contribution of Openness to the Current Account |
| 2.7.2 The Contribution of Openness to Production and Productivity |
| 2.8 Challenges to reforms in Post genocide |
| 2.9 Rwanda's Economic Growth after adopting Reforms 1994-2017 |
| 2.10 Conclusion |
| CHAPTER THREE EXPORT OUTFLOWS, IMPORT INFLOW AND FDI IN RWANDA |
| 3.1 Introduction |
| 3.2 Export Performance before and after the reforms in Rwanda |
| The new urgency for export growth |
| 3.3 Empirical review on relationship between export dynamic and GDP growth rate |
| 3.3.1 Import Flows after the reforms in Rwanda |
| 3.4. Analysis of the relationship between Import demands and economic growth in Rwanda |
| 3.5 Empirical reviews on imports of goods and services and GDP growth rate |
| 3.6 Review of FDI Inflows into Rwanda before and after Economic Reforms |
| 3.6.1 FDI Inflows into Rwanda before the independence |
| 3.6.2 FDI Inflows into Rwanda after economic reforms |
| 3.6.3 Trends of FDI in Rwanda after Economic reforms |
| 3.6.4 Foreign Direct Investment and economic growth in Rwanda |
| 3.7 Investment Regulations in Rwanda |
| CHAPTER FOUR REVIEW OF KEY THEORIES OF GROWTH AND INVESTMENT: THEORIES AND ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE |
| 4.1 Growth Theories for the study |
| 4.2 Modelling Economic Growth |
| 4.2.1 The Solow-Swan Model |
| 4.2.2 Properties of the Neoclassical Solow-Swan Model |
| (ⅰ) Constant return to scale |
| (ii) Positive and diminishing returns to factor inputs |
| (iii) Inada conditions for equilibrium production conditions |
| (iv) Essentiality |
| 4.2.3 The Steady State of Growth |
| 4.3 Mankiw, Romer and Weil Model |
| 4.4. New Growth Theory |
| 4.5 Measuring Economic Growth |
| 4.6 Key Investment theories and their definitions |
| 4.7 The Origin of FDI Theories |
| 4.7.1 The Portfolio Investment Theory to FDI Theories |
| 4.7.2 Capital Movements Theory |
| 4.7.3 Market Size Theory |
| 4.7.4 FDI Stage Model Theories |
| 4.7.5 The Uppsala Model Illustration of FDI Inflows |
| 4.8 Transaction Cost Theory as a Basis for FDI |
| 4.9 Ownership |
| 4.10. Location |
| 4.11. The Ozawa Economic Development FDI Theory |
| 4.12 Other FDI-Imperfect Market-Based Theories |
| 4.12.1 The Exchange Rates Theory |
| 4.12.2 The Internal Financing Theory |
| 4.13 FDI International Political Economy (IPE)-Based Theories |
| 4.14 UNCTAD,BITs and FDI Promotion |
| 4.14.1 Interstate and Regional Level Explanation for Foreign Investments |
| 4.14.2 National Level and Government Policies Explaining Foreign Investment |
| 4.15 The Economic Importance of Domestic Investment |
| 4.15.1 Foreign Investor Perspective |
| 4.15.2 The Benign Model of FDI |
| 4.15.3. The Malign Model of FDI |
| 4.15.3.1 Dutch Disease and FDI Effects on Host Nations |
| 4.16 Concluding Remarks |
| CHAPTER FIVE: MODELLING THE IMPACT OF EXPORTS AND IMPORTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RWANDA |
| 5.1 Introduction |
| 5.2 Modeling Openness on Economic Growth |
| 5.3 Measuring Openness |
| 5.3.1 Modelling the Impact of Tourism on Economic Growth |
| 5.3.2 Modelling the Impact of Telecommunications on Economic Growth |
| 5.3.3 The Impact of Telecommunications on Productivity |
| 5.3.4 Modelling Government Expenditure on Economic Growth |
| 5.4 Modelling Inflation on Economic Growth |
| 5.4.1 The Neoclassical Theory and the Impact of Inflation on Economic Growth |
| 5.4.2 Measuring Inflation |
| 5.4.2.1 The Consumer Price Index Measurement for Inflation |
| 5.6 Modeling Exports trade and Economic Growth |
| 5.6.1 Background to Exports and economic growth |
| 5.6.2 Theoretical underpinnings of imports and Economic growth |
| 5.6.3 Empirical Review on imports and Economic growth |
| CHAPTER SIX: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS |
| 6.1 Introduction |
| 6.2 Description of the Variables |
| 6.2.1 The Scope and Sources of data |
| 6.2.2 Variable Definitions and Measurement |
| 6.3 Conceptual Framework |
| 6.4 Investigation of Properties of the Variables |
| 6.4.0 Logarithmic Form Transformation |
| 6.4.1 Preliminary Variables Investigation |
| 6.4.2 Correlation Analysis |
| 6.4.3 Trend Analysis |
| 6.4.4 Unit Root Testing |
| 6.4.5 Augmented Dickey- Fuller Tests |
| 6.4.6 The KPSS Tests for Unit Roots |
| 6.4.7 Endogeneity Investigation |
| 6.5 Long and Short-Run Estimation |
| 6.5.1 Time-Series Cointegration estimation |
| 6.5.2 Trace Statistic |
| 6.5.3 Maximum Eigenvalue Statistic |
| 6.5.4 Lag Lengths Selection Criteria |
| 6.5.5 Estimation of Short-Run Relationship among Endogenous Variables |
| 6.5.6 Simultaneous Equation Specification |
| 6.5.7 Structure of the Simultaneous Equation |
| 6.5.8. Simultaneous Equation Estimation under a VAR Approach |
| 6.5.9 The Theoretical VECM Procedure for Estimating the Simultaneous Equation |
| 6.5.10 Rationale for Employing the VECM Procedure |
| 6.5.11 Procedure for VECM Estimation of Short-Run and Long-Run Relationship |
| 6.5.12 VECM Model Validation |
| 6.5.13 Model Stability |
| 6.5.14 Correlogram Analysis |
| 6.5.15 Portmanteau Residual Test for Autocorrelations |
| 6.5.16 Residual Normality Test |
| 6.5.17 Residual Endogenous Variables Examination |
| 6.5.18 VECM Systems Long-Run and Short-Run Analysis |
| 6.5.19 Long-Run Analysis |
| 6.5.20 Short-Run Analysis |
| 6.5.20.1 VECM Systems Model Ex-Ante Forecasting |
| 6.5.20.2 Impulse Response |
| 6.5.20.3 Variance Decomposition |
| 6.5.21 Simultaneous Equation Estimation |
| 6.5.21.1 Rationale for OLS for Model Estimation |
| 6.5.21.2 Validation of the VECM Systems Simultaneous Equation Residual |
| 6.5.21.3 Estimation of the Simultaneous Equations |
| 6.5.22 Specifications of Testable Hypotheses |
| 6.5.23. Validation of the Estimated Simultaneous Equations |
| 6.5.24 Stability Tests |
| 6.5.24.1 Serial Correlation Tests |
| 6.5.24.2. Heteroscedasticity Tests |
| 6.5.25 Ex-Post Forecasting |
| 6.6 Concluding Remarks |
| CHAPTER SEVEN: TIME-SERIES PROPERTIES AND INVESTIGATION OF THE VARIABLES |
| 7.1 Introduction |
| 7.2 Descriptive statistics |
| 7.3 Correlation Analysis |
| 7.4 Regression analysis |
| 7.5 Series Trend Analysis |
| 7.6 Time Series Unit Root Testing |
| CHAPTER EIGHT: ESTIMATION OF THE SHORT AND LONG-RUN RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE ENDOGENOUS VARIABLES |
| 8.1 Introduction |
| 8.2 Economic growth and export of goods and services |
| 8.2.1 Unit root tests |
| 8.2.2 Co-integration tests |
| 8.2.3 Granger causality analysis |
| 8.2.4 Impulse response functions |
| 8.3 Economic Growth and Imports |
| 8.3.1 Unit root tests |
| 8.3.2 Cointegration tests |
| 8.3.3 Granger causality analysis |
| 8.3.4 Impulse response functions |
| 8.4 Economic growth and FDI inflow |
| 8.4.1 Unit root tests |
| 8.4.2 Co-integration tests |
| 8.4.3 Granger causality analysis |
| 8.4.4 Impulse response functions |
| 8.5 Conclusion |
| Chapter Nine: Discussion of Results |
| 9.1 Introduction |
| 9.2 Discussion of Major Findings Arising from the Series Properties Investigation ofthe Variables |
| 9.3. Discussion on the Relationship between Net Exports and GDP Growth Rate inRwanda |
| 9.3 1 Discussion on the Relationship between Net Imports and GDP Growth Rate inRwanda |
| 9.3 2 Discussion on the Relationship between Net FDI and GDP Growth Rate inRwanda |
| 9.4 Discussion of theories and Economic relevance to Rwandan Economy |
| 9.5 Lessons learnt by Rwanda from China's economic growth strategies |
| CHAPTER TEN: CONCLUSIONS, POLICY IMPLICATIONS AND AREAS FOR FUTURERESEARCH |
| 10.1 Introduction |
| 10.2 Summary |
| 10.2.1 Investment regimes in Rwanda |
| 10.2.2 The Key investment Theories and their Economic Significance |
| 10.2.3 Major Findings from Modelling the Impact of Exports, imports and FDI onEconomic Growth |
| 10.3 Hypotheses Tests Major Findings |
| 10.4 Findings on the Estimation Short-Run and Long-Run Relationship amongEndogenous Variables and Policy implication on Rwandan Economy |
| 10.5 Key Contributions of the study |
| 10.5.1 Theoretical and Empirical Contributions |
| 10.5.2 Methodological Contributions |
| 10.6 Policy Implications to Rwanda |
| 10.7 Key Recommendations |
| 10.8 Key Limitations of this Study |
| 10.9 Conclusion |
| 10.10 Recommendations for Future Studies |
| REFERENCES |
| APPENDICES |
| Acknowledgements |
| Dedication |
| 学位论文评阅及答辩情况表 |
（10）获取真实领导力与组织学习和创新对CPEC项目管理成功的中介效应（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| ABSTRACT |
| List of Abbreviations |
| Chapter 1 Commencement and Study Context |
| 1.1 Study Perspective and Introduction |
| 1.2 Background of the Study |
| 1.2.1 Project Management |
| 1.2.2 Contemporary studies of Project Management |
| 1.2.3 Project Success |
| 1.2.4 Authentic Leadership |
| 1.2.5 Organizational Innovation |
| 1.2.6 Organizational Learning |
| 1.3 Aim and Objectives |
| 1.4 Research Questions |
| 1.5 Significance of the Research |
| 1.6 Research Methodology |
| 1.7 Dissertation Layout |
| 1.8 Summary |
| Chapter 2 Targeted Study |
| 2.1 Introduction |
| 2.2 China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) |
| 2.3 Energy Power Projects |
| 2.3.1“Port Qasim Coal-Fired Power Plant” |
| 2.3.2 Hydropower Station (Suki Kinari) |
| 2.3.3“Coal Power Plant (Sahiwal)” |
| 2.3.4 Wind Farm Hydro China (Dawood) |
| 2.3.5 Coal Power Project Gwadar |
| 2.3.6 Quaid-E-Azam Power Project Bahawalpur (Solar Park) |
| 2.3.7“UEP Wind Farm”(Jhimpir, Thatta) |
| 2.3.8 Sachal Farm (Thatta) |
| 2.3.9 Hydropower Station (Karot) |
| 2.3.10 Three Gorges Third Wind Power Project |
| 2.3.11 Coal Power Plant (HUB) |
| 2.3.12 Kohala Hydel Project AJK |
| 2.3.13 Fuel Power Plant (Rahimyar Khan) |
| 2.3.14 Cacho Project Wind Energy |
| 2.3.15 Wind Power Project (Western Energy) |
| 2.4 Mining Projects |
| 2.4.1 (Thar) Engro Coal Field Block II Surface Mine |
| 2.4.2 Coal Field Surface Mine Thar II |
| 2.4.3 Mine Mouth Power Phase Coal Block-I &Sec (Ssrl Thar) |
| 2.4.4 Surface Mine & Mouth Oracle Plant Thar |
| 2.5 Project under Consideration |
| 2.6 Infrastructure Projects |
| 2.6.1“(Multan-Sukkur Section) Peshawar-Karachi Motorway” |
| 2.6.2 (Thakot -Havelian Section) KKH PHASE II |
| 2.6.3 Basima - Khuzdar Road |
| 2.6.4 D.I.Khan - Zhob Upgradation |
| 2.6.5 N35 KKH Thakot-Raikot |
| 2.6.6 Surab-Hoshab (N-85) |
| 2.6.7 Gwadar – Turbat – Hoshab (M-8) |
| 2.6.8 Zhob Quetta (N-50) |
| 2.6.9 D.I Khan (Yarik) –Zhob (N-50) |
| 2.6.10 D.I Khan Motorway Hakla |
| 2.6.11 Chitral to Chakdara, Link Road from Gilgit, Shandor |
| 2.6.12 Expansion and Reconstruction of ML1 |
| 2.7 Economic Zones |
| 2.7.1 Nowshera, Rashakai Economic Zone |
| 2.7.2 Special Economic Zone Dhabeji |
| 2.7.3 Development Free Zone |
| 2.8 Gwadar Projects |
| 2.8.1 Expressway (Gwadar East-Bay) |
| 2.8.2 International Airport (New Gwadar) |
| 2.8.3 Breakwaters Construction |
| 2.8.4 Berthing Areas & Channels Dredging |
| 2.8.5 Fresh Water Treatment Indispensable Facilities |
| 2.8.6 Pak-China Friendship Hospital |
| 2.8.7 Technical and Vocational Institution (Gwadar) |
| 2.8.8 Smart Master City Plan Gwadar |
| 2.8.9 Project Livelihood (Gwadar) |
| 2.9 Different Sector Projects |
| 2.9.1 Havelian Dry Port |
| 2.9.2 Optical Fiber (Cable Cross Border) |
| 2.9.3 Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast (DTMB) Project |
| 2.9.4 Early Warning System (EWS), Pakistan Meteorological Department |
| 2.9.5 Karachi Circular Railway |
| 2.9.6 Orange Line – Lahore |
| 2.9.7 Transfer of Knowledge in Different Sectors |
| 2.9.8 Transfer of Knowledge in the Education Sector |
| 2.9.9 HVDC Transmission Line Project, Matiari to Lahore |
| 2.10 Summary |
| Chapter 3 Literature Review |
| 3.1 Introduction |
| 3.2 China Pakistan Economic Corridor |
| 3.2.1 Pak-China Brotherhood |
| 3.2.2 China’s Dream |
| 3.2.3 Management of CPEC |
| 3.2.4 Structural Body |
| 3.2.5 Financial Assistance |
| 3.3 Project Management |
| 3.3.1 Ancient History of Project Management |
| 3.3.2 Project Management Four Period |
| 3.3.3 Post Project Management Fourth Eras |
| 3.3.4 Project Management Future |
| 3.3.5 The Current Project Management State |
| 3.3.6 Project Management Practice |
| 3.3.7 Project Management Objectives |
| 3.4 Project success |
| 3.4.1 Definition of Project |
| 3.4.2 Studies of Project Success Criteria |
| 3.4.3 Project Categorization |
| 3.4.4 Project Success and Different Stakeholders |
| 3.4.5 Project Manager Traits Related to Project Success |
| 3.4.6 Criteria to Measure Project Success |
| 3.4.7 Causatives of Project Success |
| 3.4.8 Belassi and Tukel’s Determined Critical Success Factors (CSPs) |
| 3.4.9 Critical Success Factors by Van der Merwe Hauptfleisch’s and Els |
| 3.4.10 Critical Success Factors by Ivanova’s and Alexandrova |
| 3.4.11 Critical Success Factors Nistor’s Belieu and Crisan |
| 3.5 Authentic Leadership |
| 3.5.1 What is Authentic? |
| 3.5.2 Defining Authenticity |
| 3.5.3 Ethics and Authentic Leadership |
| 3.5.4 Perception of Authentic Leadership Style |
| 3.5.5 Development of Authentic Leadership and Authentic Leaders |
| 3.5.6 Authentic Leadership Constituents |
| 3.5.7 Leadership Theories based AL differentiation |
| 3.5.8 Differentiating authentic and transformational leadership (TL) |
| 3.5.9 Charismatic Leadership Theories and Authentic Leadership |
| 3.5.10 Spiritual Leadership (SL), Servant Leadership and (AL) AuthenticLeadership |
| 3.6 Organizational Learning |
| 3.6.1 Experiential Theory of Learning |
| 3.6.2 Adaptive and Generative Theory of Learning |
| 3.6.3 Types of Organizational Learning |
| 3.6.4 Learning Dimensions by NEEF |
| 3.6.5 Organizational Learning and Organizational Innovation |
| 3.7 Organizational Innovation |
| 3.7.1 Previous Research Supports Innovation |
| 3.7.2 Conceptual Review |
| 3.7.3 Duality Management and Organizational Innovation |
| 3.7.4 Supported Theories to Organizational Innovation |
| 3.7.5 Ambidextrous Theory of Innovation |
| 3.7.6 Management Change and Self-Organization |
| 3.8 Summary |
| Chapter 4 Theoretical Framework |
| 4.1 Introduction |
| 4.2 The Significance of Planning a Research Design Framework |
| 4.3 Developing the Research Design Framework |
| 4.3.1 Theoretical Framework Significance |
| 4.3.2 Theoretical Framework of the Study |
| 4.3.3 Project Management |
| 4.3.4 Authentic Leadership |
| 4.3.5 Organizational Learning and Conceptual Framework |
| 4.3.6 Organizational Innovation |
| 4.3.7 Project Success (Ps) |
| 4.4 Philosophy and Research Assumptions |
| 4.4.1 Ontology |
| 4.4.2 Epistemology |
| 4.4.3 Linking Ontology, Epistemology and Methodology |
| 4.5 Development of Hypothesis |
| 4.5.1 Appraising the Authentic Leadership on OL |
| 4.5.2 Appraising the A.L. on Success of Project |
| 4.5.3 Appraising the Organizational Learning on Organization Innovation |
| 4.5.4 Appraisal of Organizational Innovation on Project Success |
| 4.5.5 Appraising the Organizational Learning on Project Success |
| 4.5.6 Appraising the Mediating Character of O.L. amid Authentic Leadership andCPEC Project Success |
| 4.5.7 Appraising the Connecting Function of O.I., O.L. and Project Success |
| 4.5.8 Appraising the Connecting Function of O.I. and O.L. amid AL and ProjectSuccess |
| 4.6 Summary |
| Chapter 5 Research Methodology |
| 5.1 Introduction |
| 5.2 Philosophy of Research |
| 5.2.1 Nature of Social Science and Related Assumptions |
| 5.2.2 Nature of Society in Assumptions |
| 5.2.3 Research Paradigms |
| 5.3 Research Approach |
| 5.4 Methodology of Research |
| 5.5 Research Strategy |
| 5.5.1 Survey Research: The Preferred Approach |
| 5.6 The Design of Research |
| 5.7 Sampling and Research Population |
| 5.8 Methods of Data Collection |
| 5.8.1 Questionnaire Development |
| 5.8.2 Design of Questionnaire |
| 5.8.3 Types of Questions |
| 5.8.4 Measurement Scales |
| 5.9 Test Pilot |
| 5.10 Main Questionnaire Survey |
| 5.10.1 Response Rate |
| 5.11 Semi-Structured Interviews |
| 5.12 Techniques of Data Analysis |
| 5.12.1 Structural Equation Modelling |
| 5.12.2 The Underlying Principle for Using AMOS |
| 5.12.3 Expending AMOS for Testing of Hypotheses |
| 5.12.4 Reliability analysis |
| 5.13 Ethical Considerations |
| 5.14 Summary |
| Chapter 6 Survey & Hypothesis Results |
| 6.1 Introduction |
| 6.2 Characteristics of Study Sample |
| 6.2.1 Characteristics of Surveyed Organizations |
| 6.3 Policies and Planning for Project Management |
| 6.3.1 Project Management Development |
| 6.3.2 Project Management vs. General Management |
| 6.3.3 Nature of Policies |
| 6.3.4 Responsibility for Developing Plans and Policies |
| 6.3.5 Expectation Level of Plan Implementation |
| 6.4 Implementation of Project Relating Innovation and Learning Programme |
| 6.4.1 Analysis Regarding Project Need |
| 6.4.2 Methods for Need Analysis |
| 6.4.3 Circumstances for Need in P.M.D |
| 6.4.4 Approaches to Innovation and Learning |
| 6.4.5 Methods Used for Development and Learning |
| 6.5 Summary of Quantitative Analysis |
| 6.6 Hypotheses Testing Introduction |
| 6.7 Descriptive Statistics |
| 6.8 Empirical Analysis |
| 6.9 Bivariate Analysis (Correlations) |
| 6.10 Multiple Regression Analysis |
| 6.11 Data Screening |
| 6.11.1 Missing Data |
| 6.11.2 Outliers Detection |
| 6.11.3 Multi-collinearity |
| 6.12 Data Exploration |
| 6.12.1 Communality Scores |
| 6.13 Confirmatory Factor Analysis (C.F.A.) |
| 6.13.1 Authentic Leadership |
| 6.13.2 Organizational Innovation |
| 6.13.3 Organizational Learning |
| 6.13.4 Project Success |
| 6.13.5 Measurement Model |
| 6.14 SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) |
| 6.14.1 Indirect Effects |
| 6.15 Testing of Hypotheses |
| 6.15.1 AL and OL |
| 6.15.2 AL and PMS |
| 6.15.3 OL and OI |
| 6.15.4 OI and PMS |
| 6.15.5 OL and PMS |
| 6.16 Summary |
| Chapter 7 Qualitative Findings |
| 7.1 Introduction |
| 7.2 Semi-structured Interviews |
| 7.3 Background Information |
| 7.4 Usage of Project Management Practices |
| 7.5 Feature Influencing the Project Management |
| 7.6 Apparent Advantages of PMP |
| 7.7 Complications in Assessing AL, OI, OL and Project Success |
| 7.8 Summary |
| Chapter 8 Discussion, Contribution and Recommendation |
| 8.1 Introduction |
| 8.2 Leading Research Outcomes |
| 8.3 Research Question and Hypothesis Testing Assessment |
| 8.3.1 Impact of Authentic Leadership on Organizational Learning |
| 8.3.2 Impact of Authentic Leadership on CPEC Project Success |
| 8.3.3 Impact of Organizational Learning on Organization Innovation |
| 8.3.4 Impact of Organizational Innovation on CPEC Project Success |
| 8.3.5 Impact of Organizational Learning on CPEC Project Success |
| 8.3.6 Mediating Role of Organizational Learning between Authentic Leadershipand CPEC Project Success |
| 8.3.7 Mediating Role of Organizational Innovation between Organization Learningand CPEC Project Success |
| 8.3.8 Mediating Role of Organizational Innovation and Organizational Learningbetween Authentic Leadership and CPEC Project Success |
| 8.4 Authentic Leadership and Project Success |
| 8.5 Authentic Leadership and Organizational Learning |
| 8.6 Organizational Learning and Organizational Innovation |
| 8.7 Organizational learning and Project Success |
| 8.8 Organizational Innovation and Project Success |
| 8.9 Summary |
| Chapter 9 Final Conclusion |
| 9.1 Introduction |
| 9.2 Summarized Version of Research Outcomes |
| 9.3 Research Contribution |
| 9.4 Implementations of the Study |
| 9.4.1 Theoretical, Methodological and Contextual Implications |
| 9.4.2 Validation of the Discussed Variables |
| 9.4.3 Managerial Level Policy Implications |
| 9.4.4 Government Level Policy Implications |
| 9.5 Limitations of the Study |
| 9.6 Future Directions and Recommendations |
| 9.7 Epilogue |
| Reference |
| Appendix |
| Acknowledgement |
| Dedication |
四、INSTITUTE OF MULTIPURPOSE UTILIZATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES——ACHIEVEMENTS OF RESEARCH（论文参考文献）
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