一、Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ Ｂａｓｉｃ Ｍｏｔｉｖｅｓ ｏｆ Ｍｏｄｅｒｎ Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ Ｉｎｖｅｓｔｍｅｎｔ（论文文献综述）
Yao Wang,Chi-hui Guo,Xi-jie Chen,Li-qiong Jia,Xiao-na Guo,Rui-shan Chen,Mao-sheng Zhang,Ze-yu Chen,Hao-dong Wang[1]（2021）在《Carbon peak and carbon neutrality in China: Goals, implementation path and prospects》文中研究指明Climate change is a common problem in human society. The Chinese government promises to peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and strives to achieve carbon neutralization by 2060. The proposal of the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization has led China into the era of climate economy and set off a green change with both opportunities and challenges. On the basis of expounding the objectives and specific connotation of China’s carbon peak and carbon neutralization, this paper systematically discusses the main implementation path and the prospect of China’s carbon peak and carbon neutralization. China’s path to realizing carbon neutralization includes four directions:（1） in terms of carbon dioxide emission control:energy transformation path, energy conservation, and emission reduction path;（2） for increasing carbon sink: carbon capture, utilization, and storage path, ecological governance, and land greening path;（3） in key technology development: zero-carbon utilization, coal new energy coupling, carbon capture utilization and storage（CCUS）, energy storage technology and other key technology paths required to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutralization;（4） from the angle of policy development: Formulate legal guarantees for the government to promote the carbon trading market; Formulate carbon emission standards for enterprises and increase publicity and education for individuals and society. Based on practicing the goal and path of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, China will vigorously develop low carbon and circular economy and promote green and high-quality economic development; speed up to enter the era of fossil resources and promoting energy transformation; accelerate the integrated innovation of green and low-carbon technologies and promote carbon neutrality.
JTTE Editorial Office,Jiaqi Chen,Hancheng Dan,Yongjie Ding,Yangming Gao,Meng Guo,Shuaicheng Guo,Bingye Han,Bin Hong,Yue Hou,Chichun Hu,Jing Hu,Ju Huyan,Jiwang Jiang,Wei Jiang,Cheng Li,Pengfei Liu,Yu Liu,Zhuangzhuang Liu,Guoyang Lu,Jian Ouyang,Xin Qu,Dongya Ren,Chao Wang,Chaohui Wang,Dawei Wang,Di Wang,Hainian Wang,Haopeng Wang,Yue Xiao,Chao Xing,Huining Xu,Yu Yan,Xu Yang,Lingyun You,Zhanping You,Bin Yu,Huayang Yu,Huanan Yu,Henglong Zhang,Jizhe Zhang,Changhong Zhou,Changjun Zhou,Xingyi Zhu[2]（2021）在《New innovations in pavement materials and engineering:A review on pavement engineering research 2021》文中研究表明Sustainable and resilient pavement infrastructure is critical for current economic and environmental challenges. In the past 10 years, the pavement infrastructure strongly supports the rapid development of the global social economy. New theories, new methods,new technologies and new materials related to pavement engineering are emerging.Deterioration of pavement infrastructure is a typical multi-physics problem. Because of actual coupled behaviors of traffic and environmental conditions, predictions of pavement service life become more and more complicated and require a deep knowledge of pavement material analysis. In order to summarize the current and determine the future research of pavement engineering, Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering（English Edition） has launched a review paper on the topic of "New innovations in pavement materials and engineering: A review on pavement engineering research 2021". Based on the joint-effort of 43 scholars from 24 well-known universities in highway engineering, this review paper systematically analyzes the research status and future development direction of 5 major fields of pavement engineering in the world. The content includes asphalt binder performance and modeling, mixture performance and modeling of pavement materials,multi-scale mechanics, green and sustainable pavement, and intelligent pavement.Overall, this review paper is able to provide references and insights for researchers and engineers in the field of pavement engineering.
洪银兴[3]（2021）在《The Centenary of the CPC: Evolving Economic Development Thought for New China》文中研究指明After the founding of People’s Republic of China in 1949, the economic development philosophies of the Communist Party of China（CPC） evolved over time.Review of this difficult journey of ideological change can not only shed light on the origin, but also better understand the theoretical contributions of Xi Jinping thought on China’s socialist economy in the new era. This paper investigates China’s evolving economic development thoughts from six dimensions in three eras when the Chinese nation（i） independently established a basic industrial system from a blank sheet,（ii） sought prosperity through reform and opening up, and（iii） increased national strength. The six dimensions of this study include:（i） the tasks identified by the Party as essential for various stages of development;（ii） the different modes of economic development embraced based on development thoughts for various stages;（iii） the different modernization pathways to achieve the goals of socialist modernization;（iv） the adjustment of agricultural policy and development paths to close the urban-rural divide;（v） the different approaches for regulating the supply side and demand side of economic development with the emphasis changing across various stages; and（vi） the different emphasis to internal and external economic circulations across various stages.
王彩霞[4]（2021）在《国家需求视角下中国国际发展合作转型研究》文中研究说明如何在国际发展合作中实现不同需求层次的内外协调?本研究围绕这一核心问题展开论述。在当前时代条件下,这项研究具有现实意义与理论价值。就发展战略而言,成为现代化强国是中国预计于2050年实现的目标。中国取得的发展成就增强了海内外华人对中国实现该目标的信心,然而,中国当前发展仍面临多重挑战。有鉴于此,明确现代化的引领性地位是中国今后坚定国际发展合作转型的基础与方向,这也为新时期中国国际发展合作转型的理论研究提供框架与目标。为此,本文化用马斯洛的“需求层次论”,搭建国家需求层次分析框架,分析中国自建国以来的国际发展合作历程,探讨新时期中国国际发展合作面临的挑战与存在的问题,最后提出可行性路径。在分析框架创建方面,本文以人为标准,衡量国家建构,分别结合历史、时代与文化三种情境,推演出国家具备权力、利益与道德三类人格。由这一多元人格属性可见,国家是包含主权象征、利益集成与人本关切的复合体。因此,国家行为受多重因素制约,具有一定可观察性,可外化国家基本需求。考虑到,人的需求与国家需求具有通约性,故此,可借助人的需求类比国家需求,这构成跨学科应用马斯洛“需求层次论”的前提。据此,国家需求分为主权需求、发展需求、国际责任需求、国际地位需求与现代化需求,不同需求层次的内涵因时因事因国别因形势而异。在需求正向转化上,后一需求以前一需求的实现为前提;在个别情况下,可能出现由较高层次需求向较低层次需求的逆转。在国际社会化情境中,国家对自身需求的调节以及国家间需求的调和,同属国家间互动与需求协调的研究议题,这构成本文的基本架构与主要内容。具体至案例选择,本文以中国自建国至今的国际发展合作进程与转型为研究重点。改革开放是分析中国国际发展合作演化的时间分界线,受时代认知、路径抉择与规范扩散影响,自改革开放后,国家优先需求发生调整,由主权需求优先调整为发展需求优先。当前,在中美大国竞争升级、新冠疫情全球爆发、发展格局亟需重塑等背景下,中国进入不同层次需求均需兼顾的新时期。由此,中国国际发展合作亟待转型。新时期,中国国际发展合作转型面临多重压力。新冠疫情引发全球公共危机,百年变局变数增多,全球化逆潮与民粹主义叠加。受此冲击,新多边主义秩序重塑难度加大。面对这一外部环境变化,中国与其他发展中国家处境相同,既遭受外界对于发展中国家身份的质疑,也承受来自国际竞争的压力。除环境不确定性、身份被质疑以及竞争多元化的外部挑战外,新时期中国国际发展合作转型还存在一些问题。首先,外界过度关注特定经济发展指标,这会干扰国家对现代化目标的理性认识;历史已存的发展失衡程度与时剧增,这不仅阻碍国家发展模式调整,也会制约国际发展合作水平提升;国内与海外利益人为划界,这会固化国家对长远利益的统筹布局。总之,诸多因素导致国家发展需求界定滞后。其次,国家自身需求认知失调。受主客观因素所限,国内与国际需求的分化大于整合;受国内外舆论影响,国际责任与国际地位需求所获关注不均;因目标宽泛,现代化需求与其他需求关联不足。再次,国际社会对国家需求的认可不足。外界在关注中国发展的同时,对多边发展倡议存疑;制度性话语不足是发展中国家共同面临的问题;外交在由双边互动向多边参与拓展的进程中,缺乏社会基础。最后,国家多元需求实现存在制度建设欠缺,长期延续的优惠型国际发展合作原则、实践与主流国际发展话语体系存在张力,尚无应对全策;在管理上,专业机构尚待加强能力建设;多边合作的路径选择受到既有经验的制约。为推进新时期中国国际发展合作的稳慎转型,本文提出四个方面的具体应对举措。其一,为明确发展需求,基于科学了解的实际,创新发展质量评估;基于可持续发展目标,提高不同区域人力资源积累;基于海内外利益关联性,增拓中国利益;基于对内生性需求的关注,培养随时而动的定力。其二,为整合需求层次,将国际责任需求及时适度纳入可持续发展范畴;将维护主权完整与坚定发展需求作为追求大国地位的前提;将国民理性培育与大国崛起难度,用于协调内外对发展中国家身份的认知。其三,为提升国家需求的国际认可,以切实的合作成效,破除外界疑虑;以运用话语扩散规律为前提,提升多边参与话语效能;以实际互动,消除各方假想,通过国际组织积累正向互动资源;以应对气候变化与疫情为契机,开展国际公共外交。其四,为完善国家需求实现机制,结合自身实际,针对性采纳国际发展规范;结合已有条件,开展国际发展合作全面评估;结合能力与时机,推进三方合作制度化;结合内外机制现状,提高国际竞争抗风险能力。综上,这些路径有助于中国通过国际发展合作转型向现代化目标稳健迈进。
The Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee;[5]（2021）在《The CPC: Its Mission and Contributions》文中提出Preamble The Communist Party of China（CPC）, founded in 1921, has just celebrated its centenary.These hundred years have been a period of dramatic change—enormous productive forces unleashed, social transformation unprecedented in scale, and huge advances in human civilization. On the other hand, humanity has been afflicted by devastating wars and suffering.
TOUSEEF AHMED KHAN[6]（2021）在《小额信贷、扶贫与妇女赋权的关系 ——基于巴基斯坦旁遮普邦的实证研究》文中指出本论文审视和探讨了小额信贷组织有助于减少男女借款人的贫困,并最终导致借款人的社会经济地位提高,妇女借款人获得权力。文献审查对不同国家和司法管辖区的小额供资作用进行了广泛和深入的审查。还从客户角度出发详细讨论了关于小额信贷演变。这项工作主要侧重于小额信贷的提供及其对用户技能提升的影响,最终导致减贫。在研究的第一部分和关于减贫对赋予妇女权力的影响的第二部分,本文通过增加年收入和消费来衡量减贫,其中收入和消费作为因变量,贷款金额作为主要自变量。本文研究了FMFB小额信贷银行对巴基斯坦旁遮普省（拉合尔、古杰兰瓦拉、西亚尔科特和费萨拉巴德）地区的有限干预。300名受访者被选定参加研究,另有50名用户被选定进行定性讨论。我们随机挑选了30家分行,没有任何银行工作人员的影响。在没有任何银行工作人员干涉的情况下,还独立挑选了团体和个人。在我们的研究中,贫穷被定义为能力的缺乏或不足,因此,通过提高低收入贫困者的素质技能,可以减少贫穷。中小企业部门是为任何国家的大众创造就业机会的最重要部门之一,巴基斯坦也不例外。金融是任何组织的生命血液,没有它,任何商业实体都无法生存和发展。因此,为小型和微型企业提供放心和优惠条件是这些组织取得成功的关键。不幸的是,由于缺乏知识和技术,巴基斯坦许多微型企业家没有充分利用小额信贷组织为这些实体的可持续性和增长所提供的好处。对于这些机构的运作方式和利用贫穷客户的方式,也有一些偏见。虽然这种关于小额信贷组织造成的损害的叙述,关于高利率及其交付方法有事实根据,但最近没有多少实证证据可以证明这些组织在多大程度上帮助或伤害谁,以及伤害多少?此外,它们是否为男性和女性借款人提供同样的结果,是否有利于妇女的创业精神和赋予妇女权力也值得讨论。在第六章的后半部分,通过使用双重差分方法,详细研究了小额供资对"仅限妇女"企业家的影响,以查明小额供资对增强妇女权能的影响。阿玛蒂亚森能力减贫方法已应用研究（FMFB评估）。首先,在研究的小额信贷部分,对导致更好地利用小额信贷服务和产品的因素进行了评估,并确定了产生更好结果的因素。根据研究目标、方法、数据收集和分析,通过能力、解释和参与性评估方法进行指导。一手数据由受访者的访谈和问卷组成。二手数据是通过经过验证的网站获得的。数据分析通过频率分布、交叉制表、OLS和逻辑回归完成。减贫是通过提高小额供资方案接受者的家庭水平和业务水平的能力来衡量的。在后一节中研究了小额供资对减贫的影响和影响。此外,综合业务成果指标和家庭层面的扩张指标是通过组合各个单位来确定的。结果表明,小额信贷产品和服务的使用不同程度地增强了企业和家庭的能力扩张。由于大多数客户报告说,在商业和家庭层面,他们的能力都有所提高,这一趋势与男性和女性借款人都一致,但与男性借款人相比,女性似乎在获得更多利益方面稍稍领先。之后,仅对女企业家就进行了小额供资影响的研究,以查明其在赋予妇女权力方面的作用。在这项研究中,我们使用了两组家庭,一组借款人和其他非借款人,并采用了多阶段分层随机抽样技术来获取家庭样本。在第一阶段,选出了该方案可进入的乡镇,共选出了13个这样的市镇。小额供资计划自2011年以来一直在13个城镇中的4个城镇运作。随后,从样本乡镇中选出样本村。每个区共选取了4个社区,共选定了50个村庄。根据现有借款人名单,从选定地区的每个区域分支机构,共随机挑选了350名小额供资女性客户接受女性工作人员的访谈。另有130户家庭是从村委会主任（当地称为南伯达尔）中挑选出来的,他们没有贷款。由于各种原因,如拒绝参与调查、不可用和不完整的调查答复,50名客户从借款组中退出,30名客户从非借款组中退出,从而将最终样本由300名借款人和100名非借款人组成。借款人、女性是指在2009/2016年度（2009/2016年）从上述地区上述小额信贷机构获得小额贷款的借款人,非借款家庭被界定为从未贷款但属于同一地区的借款人。以收入和消费作为福利指标来衡量赋予妇女权力。双重差分用于调查小额信贷对其接受者的影响,这被认为是解决选择偏差问题的有用工具。我们的研究结果表明,针对妇女的小额信贷计划不仅增加了女性借款人的收入和消费,使她们在经济上保持稳定,而且事实上,许多当地利益攸关方也从中受益,进而为整个当地社区创造了机会。小额供资大大有助于妇女改善其社会经济地位,这最终导致赋予妇女权力,然而,研究发现,小额供资没有惠及最贫穷妇女,因此,应通过政府赠款和培训方案等其他支助手段帮助她们,使利用者在申请小额供资和充分受益于这项服务之前,为利用者提供足够的知识和资源。小额信贷与贫困威胁之间的关联是动态和复杂的,因此需要根据不断变化的小额信贷用户的“需要和欲望”进行持续评估。
奥格[7]（2021）在《国际贸易对国家创新能力的影响 ——以金砖国家为例》文中认为
吴天昊[8]（2021）在《《美国政治底层逻辑》（节选）翻译实践报告 ——以术语、隐喻、文化负载词为分析中心》文中研究表明本报告基于《美国政治底层逻辑》（The Logic of American Politics）第一、二、三章翻译实践,总结出翻译术语、隐喻、文化负载词的四大经验。该书是英国大学国际关系专业推荐阅读书目,其中诸多的术语、隐喻、文化负载词等特殊表达是本次翻译实践过程中的难点。认真分析文本后,译者从中提取出值得探讨的42例术语,207例隐喻,23例文化负载词,按类别划分为政治术语、经济术语、机构术语、战争隐喻、建筑隐喻、身体隐喻、植物隐喻等,运用了直译、词性转化、増译、加注、意译五大翻译方法,并总结出以下四条经验:（一）针对术语,直译法、増译和加注可以更好地传递信息;（二）针对隐喻,汉语中如有相同意象,直译、词性转换较为推荐;（三）针对文化负载词,了解语言背后涉及的历史知识、社会环境等是准确翻译的前提,借助语料库、搜索引擎大量查阅也是必不可少的步骤;（四）这些方法彼此之间紧密联系,身为译者灵活运用以上翻译方法可以更好地进行文化交流,担任沟通的桥梁。总之,译者认为分析这些词汇须放在特定语言背景中,大量阅读相关文化知识,充分考虑作者所处的时代环境和身份地位,力求呈现出准确和可读的翻译作品。译者希望,报告能为涉及美国政治类文本的翻译提供些许参考,同时相信将此书介绍给国内读者,对国内国际关系研究亦具价值。
Espoir Lukau Matezo[9]（2021）在《出口多元化与经济增长：南部非洲发展共同体的案例研究》文中认为
邹海霞[10]（2021）在《云南少数民族地区中学英语教师信息化能力的实证研究》文中研究表明社会和信息时代的快速发展改变了教育方式,如今教育信息化已经成为课堂教学过程中非常重要的一环,信息化和教育已经紧密地结合在一起。云南省作为全国少数民族最多的省份,因为地理位置,经济水平,语言多样性等原因,其教育一直处于相对落后的水平。本文以云南少数民族地区为例,对云南省八个州的英语教师的信息化教学能力进行研究。本文以教师发展理论和建构主义理论为基础,采用问卷调查和访谈研究相结合的方法,对来自云南省八个少数民族地区的1508名中学英语教师进行调查,并将收集的问卷数据采用SPSS22.0进行分析。本文研究的问题是:（1）云南少数民族地区英语教师信息化教学能力的现状及存在的问题;（2）云南少数民族地区英语教师信息化教学能力与教学水平和英语水平的关系;（3）云南少数民族地区英语教师人口统计学变量在信息化教学能力上的差异。通过调查,本研究得出如下结论:（1）云南省少数民族地区英语教师的信息化教学处于中等偏下水平。（2）信息化教学能力与教学水平、英语水平之间有微弱相关性。（3）信息化教学能力的五个维度在性别、年龄、学历、学校地理位置等方面存在不同程度的差异。针对云南少数民族地区英语教师信息化教学能力的现状以及存在的问题,本研究从教师自身,学校和教育部门三个方面出发,针对性地提出了提升云南少数民族地区英语教师信息化教学能力的建议和策略。最后,作者对本研究的结果进行了总结,指出本研究中的不足之处以及对未来研究展望。
二、Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ Ｂａｓｉｃ Ｍｏｔｉｖｅｓ ｏｆ Ｍｏｄｅｒｎ Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ Ｉｎｖｅｓｔｍｅｎｔ（论文开题报告）
（1）论文研究背景及目的
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三、Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ Ｂａｓｉｃ Ｍｏｔｉｖｅｓ ｏｆ Ｍｏｄｅｒｎ Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ Ｉｎｖｅｓｔｍｅｎｔ（论文提纲范文）
（2）New innovations in pavement materials and engineering:A review on pavement engineering research 2021（论文提纲范文）
| 1. Introduction |
| (1) With the society development pavement engineering facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges |
| (2) With the modern education development pavement engineering facing unprecedented accumulation of scientific manpower and literature |
| 2. Asphalt binder performance and modeling |
| 2.1. Binder damage,healing and aging behaviors |
| 2.1.1. Binder healing characterization and performance |
| 2.1.1. 1. Characterizing approaches for binder healing behavior. |
| 2.1.1. 2. Various factors influencing binder healing performance. |
| 2.1.2. Asphalt aging:mechanism,evaluation and control strategy |
| 2.1.2. 1. Phenomena and mechanisms of asphalt aging. |
| 2.1.2. 2. Simulation methods of asphalt aging. |
| 2.1.2. 3. Characterizing approaches for asphalt aging behavior. |
| 2.1.2. 4. Anti-aging additives used for controlling asphalt aging. |
| 2.1.3. Damage in the characterization of binder cracking performance |
| 2.1.3. 1. Damage characterization based on rheological properties. |
| 2.1.3. 2. Damage characterization based on fracture properties. |
| 2.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 2.2. Mechanism of asphalt modification |
| 2.2.1. Development of polymer modified asphalt |
| 2.2.1. 1. Strength formation of modified asphalt. |
| 2.2.1. 2. Modification mechanism by molecular dynamics simulation. |
| 2.2.1. 3. The relationship between microstructure and properties of asphalt. |
| 2.2.2. Application of the MD simulation |
| 2.2.2. 1. Molecular model of asphalt. |
| 2.2.2. 2. Molecular configuration of asphalt. |
| 2.2.2. 3. Self-healing behaviour. |
| 2.2.2. 4. Aging mechanism. |
| 2.2.2. 5. Adhesion mechanism. |
| 2.2.2. 6. Diffusion behaviour. |
| 2.2.3. Summary and outlook |
| 2.3. Modeling and application of crumb rubber modified asphalt |
| 2.3.1. Modeling and mechanism of rubberized asphalt |
| 2.3.1. 1. Rheology of bituminous binders. |
| 2.3.1. 2. Rheological property prediction of CRMA. |
| 2.3.2. Micromechanics-based modeling of rheological properties of CRMA |
| 2.3.2. 1. Composite system of CRMA based on homogenization theory. |
| 2.3.2. 2. Input parameters for micromechanical models of CRMA. |
| 2.3.2. 3. Analytical form of micromechanical models of CRMA. |
| 2.3.2. 4. Future recommendations for improving micro-mechanical prediction performance. |
| 2.3.3. Design and performance of rubberized asphalt |
| 2.3.3. 1. The interaction between rubber and asphalt fractions. |
| 2.3.3. 2. Engineering performance of rubberized asphalt. |
| 2.3.3. 3. Mixture design. |
| 2.3.3. 4. Warm mix rubberized asphalt. |
| 2.3.3. 5. Reclaiming potential of rubberized asphalt pavement. |
| 2.3.4. Economic and Environmental Effects |
| 2.3.5. Summary and outlook |
| 3. Mixture performance and modeling of pavement materials |
| 3.1. The low temperature performance and freeze-thaw damage of asphalt mixture |
| 3.1.1. Low temperature performance of asphalt mixture |
| 3.1.1. 1. Low temperature cracking mechanisms. |
| 3.1.1. 2. Experimental methods to evaluate the low temperature performance of asphalt binders. |
| 3.1.1. 3. Experimental methods to evaluate the low temperature performance of asphalt mixtures. |
| 3.1.1. 4. Low temperature behavior of asphalt materials. |
| 3.1.1.5.Effect factors of low temperature performance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.1. 6. Improvement of low temperature performance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.2. Freeze-thaw damage of asphalt mixtures |
| 3.1.2. 1. F-T damage mechanisms. |
| 3.1.2. 2. Evaluation method of F-T damage. |
| 3.1.2. 3. F-T damage behavior of asphalt mixture. |
| (1) Evolution of F-T damage of asphalt mixture |
| (2) F-T damage evolution model of asphalt mixture |
| (3) Distribution and development of asphalt mixture F-T damage |
| 3.1.2. 4. Effect factors of freeze thaw performance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.2. 5. Improvement of freeze thaw resistance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.3. Summary and outlook |
| 3.2. Long-life rigid pavement and concrete durability |
| 3.2.1. Long-life cement concrete pavement |
| 3.2.1. 1. Continuous reinforced concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.1. 2. Fiber reinforced concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.1. 3. Two-lift concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.2. Design,construction and performance of CRCP |
| 3.2.2. 1. CRCP distress and its mechanism. |
| 3.2.2. 2. The importance of crack pattern on CRCP performance. |
| 3.2.2. 3. Corrosion of longitudinal steel. |
| 3.2.2. 4. AC+CRCP composite pavement. |
| 3.2.2. 5. CRCP maintenance and rehabilitation. |
| 3.2.3. Durability of the cementitious materials in concrete pavement |
| 3.2.3. 1. Deterioration mechanism of sulfate attack and its in-fluence on concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.3. 2. Development of alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.3. 3. Influence of freeze-thaw cycles on concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| 3.3. Novel polymer pavement materials |
| 3.3.1. Designable PU material |
| 3.3.1. 1. PU binder. |
| 3.3.1.2.PU mixture. |
| 3.3.1. 3. Material genome design. |
| 3.3.2. Novel polymer bridge deck pavement material |
| 3.3.2. 1. Requirements for the bridge deck pavement material. |
| 3.3.2.2.Polyurethane bridge deck pavement material(PUBDPM). |
| 3.3.3. PU permeable pavement |
| 3.3.3. 1. Permeable pavement. |
| 3.3.3. 2. PU porous pavement materials. |
| 3.3.3. 3. Hydraulic properties of PU permeable pavement materials. |
| 3.3.3. 4. Mechanical properties of PU permeable pavement ma-terials. |
| 3.3.3. 5. Environmental advantages of PU permeable pavement materials. |
| 3.3.4. Polyurethane-based asphalt modifier |
| 3.3.4. 1. Chemical and genetic characteristics of bitumen and polyurethane-based modifier. |
| 3.3.4. 2. The performance and modification mechanism of polyurethane modified bitumen. |
| 3.3.4. 3. The performance of polyurethane modified asphalt mixture. |
| 3.3.4. 4. Environmental and economic assessment of poly-urethane modified asphalt. |
| 3.3.5. Summary and outlook |
| 3.4. Reinforcement materials for road base/subrgrade |
| 3.4.1. Flowable solidified fill |
| 3.4.1. 1. Material composition design. |
| 3.4.1. 2. Performance control. |
| 3.4.1. 3. Curing mechanism. |
| 3.4.1. 4. Construction applications. |
| 3.4.1.5.Environmental impact assessment. |
| 3.4.1. 6. Development prospects and challenges. |
| 3.4.2. Stabilization materials for problematic soil subgrades |
| 3.4.2.1.Stabilization materials for loess. |
| 3.4.2. 2. Stabilization materials for expansive soil. |
| 3.4.2. 3. Stabilization materials for saline soils. |
| 3.4.2. 4. Stabilization materials for soft soils. |
| 3.4.3. Geogrids in base course reinforcement |
| 3.4.3. 1. Assessment methods for evaluating geogrid reinforce-ment in flexible pavements. |
| (1) Reinforced granular material |
| (2) Reinforced granular base course |
| 3.4.3. 2. Summary. |
| 3.4.4. Summary and outlook |
| 4. Multi-scale mechanics |
| 4.1. Interface |
| 4.1.1. Multi-scale evaluation method of interfacial interaction between asphalt binder and mineral aggregate |
| 4.1.1. 1. Molecular dynamics simulation of asphalt adsorption behavior on mineral aggregate surface. |
| 4.1.1. 2. Experimental study on absorption behavior of asphalt on aggregate surface. |
| 4.1.1. 3. Research on evaluation method of interaction between asphalt and mineral powder. |
| (1) Rheological mechanical method |
| (2) Microscopic test |
| 4.1.1. 4. Study on evaluation method of interaction between asphalt and aggregate. |
| 4.1.2. Multi-scale numerical simulation method considering interface effect |
| 4.1.2. 1. Multi-scale effect of interface. |
| 4.1.2. 2. Study on performance of asphalt mixture based on micro nano scale testing technology. |
| 4.1.2. 3. Study on the interface between asphalt and aggregate based on molecular dynamics. |
| 4.1.2. 4. Study on performance of asphalt mixture based on meso-mechanics. |
| 4.1.2. 5. Mesoscopic numerical simulation test of asphalt mixture. |
| 4.1.3. Multi-scale investigation on interface deterioration |
| 4.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 4.2. Multi-scales and numerical methods in pavement engineering |
| 4.2.1. Asphalt pavement multi-scale system |
| 4.2.1. 1. Multi-scale definitions from literatures. |
| 4.2.1. 2. A newly-proposed Asphalt Pavement Multi-scale System. |
| (1) Structure-scale |
| (2) Mixture-scale |
| (3) Material-scale |
| 4.2.1. 3. Research Ideas in the newly-proposed multi-scale sys- |
| 4.2.2. Multi-scale modeling methods |
| 4.2.2. 1. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations. |
| 4.2.2. 2. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. |
| 4.2.2. 3. Composite micromechanics methods. |
| 4.2.2. 4. Finite element method (FEM) simulations. |
| 4.2.2. 5. Discrete element method (DEM) simulations. |
| 4.2.3. Cross-scale modeling methods |
| 4.2.3. 1. Mechanism of cross-scale calculation. |
| 4.2.3. 2. Multi-scale FEM method. |
| 4.2.3. 3. FEM-DEM coupling method. |
| 4.2.3. 4. NMM family methods. |
| 4.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| 4.3. Pavement mechanics and analysis |
| 4.3.1. Constructive methods to pavement response analysis |
| 4.3.1. 1. Viscoelastic constructive models. |
| 4.3.1. 2. Anisotropy and its characterization. |
| 4.3.1. 3. Mathematical methods to asphalt pavement response. |
| 4.3.2. Finite element modeling for analyses of pavement mechanics |
| 4.3.2. 1. Geometrical dimension of the FE models. |
| 4.3.2. 2. Constitutive models of pavement materials. |
| 4.3.2. 3. Variability of material property along with different directions. |
| 4.3.2. 4. Loading patterns of FE models. |
| 4.3.2. 5. Interaction between adjacent pavement layers. |
| 4.3.3. Pavement mechanics test and parameter inversion |
| 4.3.3. 1. Nondestructive pavement modulus test. |
| 4.3.3. 2. Pavement structural parameters inversion method. |
| 4.3.4. Summary and outlook |
| 5. Green and sustainable pavement |
| 5.1. Functional pavement |
| 5.1.1. Energy harvesting function |
| 5.1.1. 1. Piezoelectric pavement. |
| 5.1.1. 2. Thermoelectric pavement. |
| 5.1.1. 3. Solar pavement. |
| 5.1.2. Pavement sensing function |
| 5.1.2. 1. Contact sensing device. |
| 5.1.2.2.Lidar based sensing technology. |
| 5.1.2. 3. Perception technology based on image/video stream. |
| 5.1.2. 4. Temperature sensing. |
| 5.1.2. 5. Traffic detection based on ontology perception. |
| 5.1.2. 6. Structural health monitoring based on ontology perception. |
| 5.1.3. Road adaptation and adjustment function |
| 5.1.3. 1. Radiation reflective pavement.Urban heat island effect refers to an increased temperature in urban areas compared to its surrounding rural areas (Fig.68). |
| 5.1.3. 2. Catalytical degradation of vehicle exhaust gases on pavement surface. |
| 5.1.3. 3. Self-healing pavement. |
| 5.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 5.2. Renewable and sustainable pavement materials |
| 5.2.1. Reclaimed asphalt pavement |
| 5.2.1. 1. Hot recycled mixture technology. |
| 5.2.1. 2. Warm recycled mix asphalt technology. |
| 5.2.1. 3. Cold recycled mixture technology. |
| (1) Strength and performance of cold recycled mixture with asphalt emulsion |
| (2) Variability analysis of asphalt emulsion |
| (3) Future prospect of cold recycled mixture with asphalt emulsion |
| 5.2.2. Solid waste recycling in pavement |
| 5.2.2. 1. Construction and demolition waste. |
| (1) Recycled concrete aggregate |
| (2) Recycled mineral filler |
| 5.2.2. 2. Steel slag. |
| 5.2.2. 3. Waste tire rubber. |
| 5.2.3. Environment impact of pavement material |
| 5.2.3. 1. GHG emission and energy consumption of pavement material. |
| (1) Estimation of GHG emission and energy consumption |
| (2) Challenge and prospect of environment burden estimation |
| 5.2.3. 2. VOC emission of pavement material. |
| (1) Characterization and sources of VOC emission |
| (2) Health injury of VOC emission |
| (3) Inhibition of VOC emission |
| (4) Prospect of VOC emission study |
| 5.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| 6. Intelligent pavement |
| 6.1. Automated pavement defect detection using deep learning |
| 6.1.1. Automated data collection method |
| 6.1.1. 1. Digital camera. |
| 6.1.1.2.3D laser camera. |
| 6.1.1. 3. Structure from motion. |
| 6.1.2. Automated road surface distress detection |
| 6.1.2. 1. Image processing-based method. |
| 6.1.2. 2. Machine learning and deep learning-based methods. |
| 6.1.3. Pavement internal defect detection |
| 6.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 6.2. Intelligent pavement construction and maintenance |
| 6.2.1. Intelligent pavement construction management |
| 6.2.1. 1. Standardized integration of BIM information resources. |
| 6.2.1. 2. Construction field capturing technologies. |
| 6.2.1. 3. Multi-source spatial data fusion. |
| 6.2.1. 4. Research on schedule management based on BIM. |
| 6.2.1. 5. Application of BIM information management system. |
| 6.2.2. Intelligent compaction technology for asphalt pavement |
| 6.2.2. 1. Weakened IntelliSense of ICT. |
| 6.2.2. 2. Poor adaptability of asphalt pavement compaction index. |
| (1) The construction process of asphalt pavement is affected by many complex factors |
| (2) Difficulty in model calculation caused by jumping vibration of vibrating drum |
| (3) There are challenges to the numerical stability and computational efficiency of the theoretical model |
| 6.2.2. 3. Insufficient research on asphalt mixture in vibratory rolling. |
| 6.2.3. Intelligent pavement maintenance decision-making |
| 6.2.3. 1. Basic functional framework. |
| 6.2.3. 2. Expert experience-based methods. |
| 6.2.3. 3. Priority-based methods. |
| 6.2.3. 4. Mathematical programming-based methods. |
| 6.2.3. 5. New-gen machine learning-based methods. |
| 6.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| (1) Pavement construction management |
| (2) Pavement compaction technology |
| (3) Pavement maintenance decision-making |
| 7. Conclusions |
| Conflict of interest |
（3）The Centenary of the CPC: Evolving Economic Development Thought for New China（论文提纲范文）
| 1. Major Development Tasks under the Principal Social Contradictions |
| 2. The Transformation of Development Thoughts and Modes |
| 3. Goals and Basic Pathway of Socialist Modernization |
| 4. Path of Agricultural Modernization to Overcome the Urban-Rural Divide |
| 5. Regulation Mechanisms for Economic Development from both Supply-Side and Demand-Side |
| 6. Evolution of Economic Development Paradigm |
| 7. Conclusions |
（4）国家需求视角下中国国际发展合作转型研究（论文提纲范文）
| 中文摘要 |
| abstract |
| 绪论 |
| 一、选题缘起与意义 |
| (一)选题缘起 |
| (二)研究意义 |
| 二、国内外研究综述 |
| (一)研究现状 |
| (二)研究述评 |
| 三、研究框架与方法 |
| (一)研究框架 |
| (二)研究方法 |
| 四、主要创新与不足 |
| (一)主要创新 |
| (二)研究不足 |
| 第一章 国家需求层次的理论建构 |
| 一、国家人格化:以人的视角建构国家 |
| (一)国家建构的多维逻辑 |
| (二)国家行为与动机的人格属性 |
| 二、人与国家的需求通约性 |
| (一)人与国家的多元需求 |
| (二)人与国家需求相通约的依据 |
| 三、马斯洛“需求层次论”的国家应用 |
| (一)“需求层次论”的理论内涵 |
| (二)“需求层次论”的应用考量 |
| (三)国家需求视角下的国际合作 |
| (四)国际发展合作中的国家需求 |
| 四、国家需求层次的分析框架 |
| (一)国家需求的界定与层次 |
| (二)多层需求的平衡与均衡 |
| 第二章 中国国际发展合作转型的进展与方向 |
| 一、中国国际发展合作转型的历程 |
| (一)主权需求优先的阶段(1949-1978年) |
| (二)发展需求优先的阶段(1979-2018年) |
| (三)多层需求兼顾的新时期(2019年至今) |
| 二、中国国际发展合作转型的动因 |
| (一)时代主题判断 |
| (二)改革开放实践 |
| (三)国际规范内化 |
| 三、中国国际发展合作转型的方向 |
| (一)由选择自立走向逐步开放 |
| (二)由被动适应转向主动倡导 |
| (三)由双边互动趋向多方参与 |
| 第三章 新时期中国国际发展合作转型面临的挑战 |
| 一、国际环境不确定性增强 |
| (一)后疫情时代百年变局变数增多 |
| (二)逆全球化下疫情民粹主义兴起 |
| (三)新多边主义秩序重塑尚需时间 |
| 二、发展中国家身份引发质疑 |
| (一)中国的身份定位存在分歧 |
| (二)外界混淆中国的需求层次 |
| (三)身份质疑导致行为的误判 |
| 三、新发展格局面临多重国际竞争压力 |
| (一)权力转移下的大国竞争 |
| (二)新兴崛起国群体内竞争 |
| (三)区域强国间的机制竞争 |
| 第四章 新时期中国国际发展合作转型存在的问题 |
| 一、国家发展需求界定滞后 |
| (一)过度聚焦规模与速度 |
| (二)地域差距的不断扩大 |
| (三)跨国利益边界模糊化 |
| 二、国家需求层次的认知失调 |
| (一)国内需求与国际需求相分隔 |
| (二)国际不同层次需求关注不均 |
| (三)现代化需求与其他需求疏离 |
| 三、国家需求的国际认可不足 |
| (一)战略设计引发外界疑惑 |
| (二)国际制度话语处于劣势 |
| (三)国际社会交往基础薄弱 |
| 四、实现国家需求缺乏制度保障 |
| (一)国际发展体系规范压力 |
| (二)专业机构管理经验欠缺 |
| (三)多边合作路径选择受限 |
| 第五章 新时期中国国际发展合作转型的路径抉择 |
| 一、明确发展需求优先方针 |
| (一)重视发展质量创新评估 |
| (二)均衡各区域可持续发展 |
| (三)全方位调和海内外利益 |
| (四)增强环境变化中的定力 |
| 二、统合国内外需求层次 |
| (一)发展与国际责任适度关联 |
| (二)国际地位基于主权与发展 |
| (三)现代化需求贯穿于其他需求 |
| (四)坚定发展中国家身份立场 |
| 三、增进国家需求的国际认可 |
| (一)提升发展战略释疑成效 |
| (二)提高多边外交话语效能 |
| (三)积累国际社会互动资源 |
| (四)长效争取国际舆论支持 |
| 四、完善国家需求的实现机制 |
| (一)善用国际体系部分规范 |
| (二)健全机构建设全面评估 |
| (三)推进三方合作机制建设 |
| (四)夯实国际竞争的制度基础 |
| 结语 |
| 参考文献 |
| 攻读博士期间科研成果 |
| 附录 |
| 致谢 |
（5）The CPC: Its Mission and Contributions（论文提纲范文）
| Preamble |
| I.Serving the People Wholeheartedly |
| 1.Putting the People First |
| 2.From Victory to Victory with the People |
| 3.The People as Masters of the Country |
| 4.A Good Life for the People |
| II.Realizing the Ideals of the Party |
| 1.Upholding Marxism |
| 2.Firm Ideals and Convictions |
| 3.Breaking New Ground |
| 4.Defusing Risks and Overcoming Challenges |
| III.Robust Leadership and Strong Governance |
| 1.A Strong Central Committee |
| 2.Sound Guidelines and Strategies |
| 3.Effective Implementation of Decisions and Plans |
| 4.Pooling the Efforts of All Sectors |
| 5.Fostering High-Caliber Party Officials |
| IV.Maintaining Vigor and Vitality |
| 1.Upholding Intra-Party Democracy |
| 2.Correcting Mistakes |
| 3.Protecting the Party’s Health |
| 4.Promoting Study and Review |
| V.Contributing to World Peace and Development |
| 1.Safeguarding World Peace |
| 2.Pursuing Common Development |
| 3.Following the Path of Peaceful Development |
| 4.Building a Global Community of Shared Future |
| Conclusion |
（6）小额信贷、扶贫与妇女赋权的关系 ——基于巴基斯坦旁遮普邦的实证研究（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| ABSTRACT |
| Chapter 1. Introduction |
| 1.1 Background |
| 1.2 Problem Statement& Research Questions |
| 1.3 Justification of The Study |
| 1.4 Research Methodology,Novelty,Scope& Limitations of The Study |
| 1.5 Thesis Structure |
| Chapter 2. Review of Literature |
| 2.1 Theoretical Logic |
| 2.2 Different Approaches to Tackle Poverty |
| 2.2.1 The Monetary Approach |
| 2.2.2 The Capability Approach |
| 2.2.3 Social Exclusion(SE) |
| 2.3 Review of Multi Definitional Approaches to Poverty |
| 2.4 Empirical Studies on Microfinance Development and Poverty Reduction |
| 2.5 Microfinance Development,Women’s Empowerment,and Poverty Reduction |
| 2.6 Literature Gap & Conceptual Framework of The Study |
| Chapter 3. Materials and Methods |
| 3.1 Fieldwork and Sample Area Profile |
| 3.2 Sampling Strategy |
| 3.3 Data Collection(Qualitative & Quantitative)Method |
| 3.4 Theoretical Grounds for Research Methodology |
| 3.4.1 The Interpretive Approach |
| 3.4.2 Participatory Poverty Assessment(PPA)Approach |
| 3.4.3 The Capability Approach(CA) |
| 3.5 Model Specifications:Relationship in Microfinance& Poverty Reduction |
| 3.5.1 Measuring Predictors,Group Practices and Loan Practices of Microfinance Recipients |
| 3.5.2 Logistic Regression Model |
| 3.5.3 Relationship in Microfinance and Women’s empowerment |
| Chapter 4. Empirical Analysis Poverty and Microfinance |
| 4.1 Review of Microfinance Features,Incidence of Poverty& Potential Role of Microfinance in Poverty Reduction |
| 4.2 Different Approaches to Microfinance |
| 4.2.1 Poverty Reduction Approach |
| 4.2.2 Financial Systems Approach |
| 4.3 Empirical Literature on Microfinance |
| 4.3.1 Inclusive Finance |
| 4.3.2 Conceptualizing the Use of Microfinance |
| 4.4 Prevalence of Poverty Globally |
| 4.5 Prevalence of Poverty in Pakistan |
| 4.5.1 Multidimensional Poverty in Pakistan |
| 4.5.2 Social Exclusion of Deprived Segments of Society |
| 4.5.3 Pakistan’s Literacy Rate Through History |
| 4.6 Microfinance Worldwide in a Glance |
| 4.7 Review of Microfinance Sector in Pakistan |
| 4.8 Social Economic Status of Women in Pakistan |
| 4.9 FMFB Services and Loan Products Review |
| 4.10 Conclusion |
| Chapter 5. Empirical Analysis, Relationship in Microfinance and Poverty Reduction |
| 5.1 Service Users Socio-Economic Profile |
| 5.2 Group Lending, Peer Selection, Peer Support and Extent of Monitoring |
| 5.3 Peer Pressure in The Group |
| 5.4 Women Targeting Feature of Microfinance Organizations |
| 5.5 Loan Sizes,Loan Use,Rate of Interest and Savings |
| 5.6 Microfinance Role in Poverty Reduction |
| 5.6.1 Introduction |
| 5.6.2 Microfinance and Poverty Reduction |
| 5.6.3 Capability Increase at Household Level Due to Microfinance |
| 5.6.4 Expansion of Poor’s Capabilities Due to Microfinance Use |
| 5.6.5 Loan Practices of Service Utilizers |
| 5.6.6 Group Practices Features of Service Recipients |
| 5.7 Robustness Check:Principal Component Analysis(PCA) |
| 5.8 Microfinance and the Ability to Achieve Successful Business Outcomes |
| 5.9 Conclusion |
| Chapter 6. Empirical Analysis of Microfinance Facility for Rural Women Entrepreneurs in Pakistan |
| 6.1 Introduction |
| 6.2 Empirical Results and Findings Discussions |
| 6.3 Impact Estimation with Standard Difference-In-Difference Method |
| 6.3.1 Impact Estimation with Adjusted Difference-in-Difference Method |
| 6.4 Poverty Targeting of Microfinance Program |
| 6.5 Conclusion |
| Chapter 7. Conclusion & Recommendations |
| 7.1 Conclusion |
| 7.2 Recommendations: |
| 7.3 Way Forward/Future Directions |
| References |
| Appendix A: Qualitative Guide (Interview) |
| Appendix B: Questionnaire Quantitative |
| Appendix C CPA |
| List of Acronyms and Abbreviations |
| Scientific Contribution |
| Acknowledgment |
（8）《美国政治底层逻辑》（节选）翻译实践报告 ——以术语、隐喻、文化负载词为分析中心（论文提纲范文）
| Acknowledgements |
| 摘要 |
| Abstract |
| 1 Introduction |
| 1.1 About the book |
| 1.2 Reasons for choosing this book |
| 1.3 Organization of the report |
| 1.4 Significance of the report |
| 2 Translation Process |
| 2.1 Pre-translation |
| 2.1.1 Background reading |
| 2.1.2 Preparation of tools |
| 2.1.3 Glossary-making |
| 2.2 Translating |
| 2.3 Post-translation |
| 3 An Analysis of the Selected Text |
| 3.1 Analysis of terms |
| 3.2 Literature review on translation of terms |
| 3.3 Analysis of metaphors |
| 3.4 Literature review on translation of metaphors |
| 3.5 Analysis of culture-loaded words |
| 3.6 Literature review on culture-loaded words |
| 4 Case Studies |
| 4.1 Translation of terms |
| 4.1.1 Political terms |
| 4.1.2 Financial terms |
| 4.1.3 Institutional terms |
| 4.2 Translation of metaphors |
| 4.2.1 Metaphors with architecture as source domain |
| 4.2.2 Metaphors with body/health as source domain |
| 4.2.3 Metaphors with food/plant as source domain |
| 4.2.4 Metaphors with war as source domain |
| 4.2.5 Others |
| 4.3 Translation of culture-loaded words |
| 4.3.1 Political culture-loaded words |
| 4.3.2 Others |
| 5 Conclusion |
| 5.1 Major findings |
| 5.2 Limitations |
| Bibliography |
| Appendix Ⅰ |
| Appendix Ⅱ |
| Appendix Ⅲ |
| Appendix Ⅳ |
（10）云南少数民族地区中学英语教师信息化能力的实证研究（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| Abstract |
| Chapter1 Introduction |
| 1.1 The background of the study |
| 1.2 Significance |
| 1.2.1 Theoretical significance |
| 1.2.2 Practical value |
| 1.3 Structure of the thesis |
| Chapter2 Literature review |
| 2.1 Definition of the key concepts |
| 2.1.1 Teaching ability |
| 2.1.2 Teachers' information-based teaching ability |
| 2.2 An examination of the topic from the perspective of the theories related |
| 2.2.1 Theory of teachers'professional development |
| 2.2.2 Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge |
| 2.2.3 Constructivism theory |
| 2.3 International empirical studies |
| 2.3.1 Research on standards |
| 2.3.2 Research on factors |
| 2.4 Domestic empirical studies |
| 2.4.1Research on current situation |
| 2.4.2 Research on factors |
| 2.4.3 Research on promotion strategies |
| 2.5.Evaluation |
| Chapter3 Methodology |
| 3.1 Introduction |
| 3.2 Research questions |
| 3.3 Sampling and samples |
| 3.4 Instrument |
| 3.4.1 Questionnaire |
| 3.4.2 Interview guide |
| 3.4.3 Self-rated English proficiency and self-rated teaching ability of the subjects |
| 3.5 Data-collection |
| 3.6 Data-analysis |
| Chapter4 Results and Discussions |
| 4.1 Introduction |
| 4.2 The Description of Refined Factors |
| 4.2.1 Factor analysis of the questionnaire |
| 4.2.2 Refined questionnaire |
| 4.3 The general situation of the subjects’teaching information ability |
| 4.3.1 Descriptive analysis of the factor of teaching monitoring ability |
| 4.3.2 Descriptive analysis of teachers'information teaching research ability |
| 4.3.3 Descriptive analysis of teachers'information teaching cognitive ability |
| 4.3.4 Descriptive analysis of teachers'information teaching implementation ability |
| 4.3.5 Descriptive analysis of teachers'information teaching design ability |
| 4.4 The relationship between information teaching ability and English teaching Ability and English proficiency |
| 4.4.1 The Relationship between English proficiency and information teaching ability |
| 4.4.2 The relationship between English teaching ability and information teaching ability |
| 4.5 The important predictor of information teaching ability in terms of English proficiency and English teaching ability |
| 4.5.1 The important predictors of English proficiency |
| 4.5.2 The important predictors of English teaching ability |
| 4.6 The differences in information teaching ability in regard to the demographical variables |
| 4.6.1 The differences in information teaching ability in regard to gender |
| 4.6.2 The differences in information teaching ability in regard to school location |
| 4.6.3 The differences in information teaching ability in regard to age |
| 4.6.4 The differences in information teaching ability in regard to education background |
| 4.6.5 Summary of questionnaire |
| 4.7 Analysis of interview guide |
| 4.7.1 Teachers'awareness and application of information teaching |
| 4.7.2 Teachers'information technology innovation and design |
| 4.7.3 The Summary of the interview |
| 4.8 Problems and causes analysis |
| 4.8.1 Problems and causes of English teachers'information teaching ability |
| 4.8.2 Problems and causes from teachers’aspect |
| 4.8.3 Problems and causes from school’aspect |
| 4.8.4 Problems and causes from government’aspect |
| 4.9 Strategies for improving teachers'information ability |
| Chapter5 Conclusion |
| 5.1 Major findings |
| 5.2 Implications |
| 5.2.1 Theoretical implication |
| 5.2.2 Practical implication |
| 5.3 Limitations of the study |
| 5.4 Recommendations for future studies |
| Reference |
| Appendix1 |
| Appendix2 |
| Acknowledgement |
| 攻读学位期间发表的学术论文和研究成果 |
四、Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ Ｂａｓｉｃ Ｍｏｔｉｖｅｓ ｏｆ Ｍｏｄｅｒｎ Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ Ｉｎｖｅｓｔｍｅｎｔ（论文参考文献）
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